{"id":61173,"date":"2023-12-14T14:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-14T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www4.hkbts.edu.hk\/?page_id=61173"},"modified":"2025-12-12T09:31:51","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T01:31:51","slug":"mountain-road-journal-52","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/en\/mountain-road-journal-52\/","title":{"rendered":"Issue 52 (Dec 2023)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"61173\" class=\"elementor elementor-61173\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ceb9c7e elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"3ceb9c7e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-narrow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41f6eaa0\" data-id=\"41f6eaa0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-528bfdab elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"528bfdab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5f6fadef\" 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elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget-mobile__width-auto elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"152362bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3b\u9801<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78f70eaa sidebarList elementor-widget elementor-widget-sidebar\" data-id=\"78f70eaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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menu-item-object-page menu-item-89398\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/en\/mountain-road-journal-56\/\">\u5c71\u9053<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-36820\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-36820\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/en\/books\/\">\u66f8\u7c4d<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-85965\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-85965\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/en\/annual-report\/annual-report-2024-2025\/\">\u5e74\u5831<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15831\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15831\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/en\/subscriptions\/\">\u8a02\u8cfc\u6216\u67e5\u8a62<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/aside>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f399490\" data-id=\"2f399490\" 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href=\"\/\">\r\n                    \r\n                                                    <i class=\"fa fa-home\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\u4e3b\u9801                     <\/a>\r\n                <\/span>\r\n                <meta itemprop=\"position\" content=\"1\" \/><!-- Meta Position-->\r\n             <\/li><li><span class=\"fbc-separator\">\/<\/span><\/li><li class=\"active\" itemprop=\"itemListElement\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ListItem\"><span itemprop=\"name\" title=\"\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e94\u5341\u4e8c\u671f\uff082023\u5e7412\u6708\uff09\">\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e94\u5341\u4e8c\u671f\uff082023\u5e7412\u6708\uff09<\/span><meta itemprop=\"position\" content=\"2\" \/><\/li>\t\t\t\t\t<\/ol>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2bdbf881 elementor-section-full_width 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\uff08\u5df2\u65b7\u7248\uff09<\/option>\r\n<option value=\"\/\u5c71\u9053\u671f\u520a-5\">\r\n\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e94\u671f\uff082000\u5e746\u6708\uff09\uff08\u5df2\u65b7\u7248\uff09<\/option>\r\n<option value=\"\/\u5c71\u9053\u671f\u520a-4\">\r\n\u7e3d\u7b2c\u56db\u671f\uff081999\u5e7411\u6708\uff09\uff08\u5df2\u65b7\u7248\uff09<\/option>\r\n<option value=\"\/\u5c71\u9053\u671f\u520a-3\">\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e09\u671f\uff081999\u5e745\u6708\uff09\uff08\u5df2\u65b7\u7248\uff09<\/option>\r\n<option value=\"\/\u5c71\u9053\u671f\u520a-2\">\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u671f\uff081998\u5e7411\u6708\uff09\uff08\u5df2\u65b7\u7248\uff09<\/option>\r\n<option value=\"\/\u5c71\u9053\u671f\u520a-1\">\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e00\u671f\uff081998\u5e746\u6708\uff09\uff08\u5df2\u65b7\u7248\uff09<\/option>\r\n<\/select>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<script data-jetpack-boost=\"ignore\">\r\nfunction changeURL() {\r\n  const target = document.getElementById(\"URLselection\");\r\n  if (target.options[target.selectedIndex].value != \"\") {\r\n    if (window.location.href.includes(\"\/zh_cn\/\")) {\r\n      window.top.location.href =\r\n        window.location.hostname +\r\n        \"\/zh_cn\" +\r\n        target.options[target.selectedIndex].value;\r\n    }\r\n    if (window.location.href.includes(\"\/en\/\")) {\r\n      window.top.location.href =\r\n        window.location.hostname +\r\n        \"\/en\" +\r\n        target.options[target.selectedIndex].value;\r\n    }\r\n    window.top.location.href =\r\n      window.location.hostname + target.options[target.selectedIndex].value;\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/aside>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-788c09e0 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"788c09e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f5b2d99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7f5b2d99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">\u7e3d\u7b2c\u4e94\u5341\u4e8c\u671f\uff082023\u5e7412\u6708\uff09<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6531f4a elementor-section-full_width elementor-reverse-mobile elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no\" data-id=\"6531f4a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-279a52c\" data-id=\"279a52c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d4e985 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"6d4e985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<table id=\"t52\">\r\n    <tr>\r\n        <td id=\"c1\"><strong>\u4e3b\u984c\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\r\n        <td><strong>\u8ca7\u8207\u5bcc<\/strong><br>\u5305\u62ec\u5c08\u984c\u6587\u7ae0\u516d\u7bc7\u3001\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6587\u7ae0\u4e00\u7bc7\u53ca\u66f8\u8a55\u4e94\u7bc7<\/td>\r\n    <\/tr>\r\n    <tr>\r\n        <td><strong>\u9801\u6578\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\r\n        <td>ix+214\r\n        <\/td>\r\n    <\/tr>\r\n    <tr>\r\n        <td><strong>\u552e\u50f9\uff1a<\/strong><\/td>\r\n        <td>HK$100<\/td>\r\n    <\/tr>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n    #t52 tr td {\r\n        font-size: 21px;\r\n        font-weight: 400;\r\n        font-family:'Lato';\r\n        background: #f7f7f7;\r\n        border: none;\r\n        padding: 8px 5px;\r\n    }\r\n    #t52 a {\r\n        color: #555555;\r\n        text-decoration-line: underline;\r\n    }\r\n    #t52 strong{\r\n        font-weight: 700;\r\n    }\r\n        #t52 #c1{\r\n        width: 18% !important;\r\n    }\r\n    #t52 button{\r\n    font-size: 16px;\r\n    padding: 6px 16px;\r\n    background: #235ba8;\r\n    border:none;\r\n    margin-left: 12px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n        #t52 tr td {\r\n        font-size: 18px !important;\r\n        font-weight: 400;\r\n        font-family:'Lato';\r\n        background: #f7f7f7;\r\n        border: none;\r\n        padding: 8px 5px;\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    #t52 #c1{\r\n        width: 28% !important;\r\n    }\r\n    #t52 button{\r\n    font-size: 14px;\r\n    padding: 6px 16px;\r\n    background: #235ba8;\r\n    border:none;\r\n    margin-left: 10px;\r\n\t}\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/* CONTENT - OVERLAY *\/\r\n  #overlay52_read {\r\n    position: fixed;\r\n    display: none;\r\n    width: 100%;\r\n    height: 100%;\r\n    top: 0;\r\n    left: 0;\r\n    right: 0;\r\n    bottom: 0;\r\n    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);\r\n    z-index: 2;\r\n    cursor: pointer;\r\n    font-family: \"Lato\";\r\n    font-weight: 400;\r\n  }\r\n  #content_wrapper_52_read {\r\n    width: 640px;\r\n    height: 500px;\r\n    overflow: hidden;\r\n    display: none;\r\n    background: #fff;\r\n    position: absolute;\r\n    left: 50%;\r\n    top: 50%;\r\n    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);\r\n    -ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);\r\n    box-shadow: 0 0 24px #000000;\r\n    border-radius: 5px;\r\n    margin: 0px auto;\r\n    border: none;\r\n    padding: 20px 25px;\r\n  }\r\n  #text_52_read {\r\n    display: none;\r\n    font-size: 21px;\r\n    overflow: auto;\r\n    width: 100%;\r\n    height: 100%;\r\n    padding-right: 25px;\r\n  }\r\n  #text_52_read h3 {\r\n    color: #555555;\r\n  }\r\n  #text_52_read span {\r\n    color: #235ba8;\r\n  }\r\n  #text_52_read p {\r\n    letter-spacing: 0.05em;\r\n    color: #555555;\r\n  }\r\n  @media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {\r\n    #content_wrapper_52_read {\r\n      width: 640px;\r\n      height: 500px;\r\n      display: none;\r\n      overflow: hidden;\r\n      background: #fff;\r\n      position: absolute;\r\n      left: 50%;\r\n      top: 50%;\r\n      transform: translate(-50%, -50%);\r\n      -ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);\r\n      box-shadow: 0 0 24px #000000;\r\n      border-radius: 5px;\r\n      margin: 0px auto;\r\n      border: none;\r\n      padding: 20px 25px;\r\n    }\r\n    #text_52_read {\r\n      display: none;\r\n      font-size: 2.3vw !important;\r\n      overflow: auto;\r\n      width: 100%;\r\n      height: 100%;\r\n      padding-right: 25px;\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n    #content_wrapper_52_read {\r\n      width: 350px;\r\n      height: 400px;\r\n      overflow: hidden;\r\n      display: none;\r\n      background: #fff;\r\n      position: absolute;\r\n      left: 50%;\r\n      top: 50%;\r\n      transform: translate(-50%, -50%);\r\n      -ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);\r\n      box-shadow: 0 0 24px #000000;\r\n      border-radius: 5px;\r\n      margin: 0px auto;\r\n      border: none;\r\n      padding: 20px 15px;\r\n    }\r\n    #text_52_read {\r\n      display: none;\r\n      font-size: 3vw !important;\r\n      overflow: auto;\r\n      width: 100%;\r\n      height: 100%;\r\n      padding-right: 15px;\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86a5a79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"86a5a79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<table id=\"t52-2\">\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td class=\"title\"><strong>\u7de8\u8005\u7684\u8a71<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\t\t<td colspan=2><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52_read()\">\u9ede\u64ca\u67e5\u95b1<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td colspan=\"3\"><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td colspan=\"3\" class=\"title\"><strong>\u5c08\u984c\u6587\u7ae0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td width=\"15%\">\u6234\u6d69\u8f1d<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td>\u820a\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u8ca7\u8207\u5bcc\uff08\u4e00\uff09\uff1a\u4e94\u7d93\u8207\u654d\u4e8b\u6587\u9ad4<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52()\">Abstract<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td>\u9673\u8000\u660e<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td>\u8ca1\u5bcc\u8207\u8ca7\u7aae\uff1a\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u5c0d\u571f\u5730\u7684\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52_1()\">Abstract<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td>\u6881\u4fca\u8c6a<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td>\u5f9e\u53e4\u4eca\u89c0\u9ede\u770b\u8ca7\u7aae\u3001\u50c5\u8db3\u751f\u5b58\u8207\u4fdd\u7f85\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5730\u4f4d<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52_2()\">Abstract<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td>\u9ec3\u6f22\u8f1d<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td>\u4fdd\u7f85\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u4e92\u60e0\u9006\u8f49\u601d\u7dad<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52_3()\">Abstract<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td>\u8f9b\u60e0\u862d<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td>\u8ca7\u8207\u5bcc\u76f8\u4f9d\uff1a\u300a\u9ed1\u99ac\u7267\u4eba\u66f8\u300b\u7684\u555f\u8fea<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52_4()\">Abstract<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n    <tr>\r\n\t\t<td>\u5289\u632f\u9d6c<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td>\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u8ca7\u7aae\u8207\u4f60\u4f55\u5e72\u22ef\u22ef\uff01\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u95e1\u91cb\u5c24\u9054\u7684\u4e3b\u9910\u8e10\u884c\u4e4b\u795e\u5b78\u53ca\u502b\u7406\u610f\u7fa9<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52_5()\">Abstract<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td colspan=\"3\"><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td colspan=\"3\" class=\"title\"><strong>\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6587\u7ae0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<tr>\r\n\t\t<td>\u6881\u4ee5\u5229\u4e9e<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td>\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u502b\u7406\u8207\u751f\u547d\u66f4\u65b0\u4e4b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a\u63a2\u8a0e\u8056\u9748\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u672c\u8cea<\/td>\r\n\t\t<td><a href=\"#\" onclick=\"show52_6()\">Abstract<\/a><\/td>\r\n\t<\/tr>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"overlay52_read\" onclick=\"hide52_read()\">\r\n  <div id=\"content_wrapper_52_read\">\r\n    <div id=\"text_52_read\">\r\n     <ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7de8\u8005\u7684\u8a71<\/h3>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><strong>\u9127\u7d39\u5149<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\u00a0\n\n<p>\u8ca7\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u55ae\u73fe\u4eca\u4e16\u4ee3\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u820a\u7d04\u53ca\u65b0\u7d04\u4e16\u754c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u671f\u300a\u5c71\u9053\u671f\u520a\u300b\u4ee5\u300c\u8ca7\u8207\u5bcc\u300d\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u9080\u8acb\u4e0d\u540c\u5b78\u8005\u64b0\u6587\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u7bc4\u570d\u5305\u62ec\u820a\u7d04\u3001\u65b0\u7d04\u3001\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u502b\u7406\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u9818\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u6d69\u8f1d\u7684\u3008\u820a\u7d04\u4e2d\u7684\u8ca7\u8207\u5bcc\uff08\u4e00\uff09\uff1a\u4e94\u7d93\u8207\u654d\u4e8b\u6587\u9ad4\u3009\u5206\u6790\u4e94\u7d93\u4e2d\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8868\u660e\u8ca7\u5bcc\u662f\u7576\u6642\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u537b\u6c92\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u6d88\u6ec5\u8ca7\u7aae\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u7684\u5b50\u6c11\u627f\u64d4\u8d77\u7167\u9867\u8ca7\u7aae\u4eba\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u6b64\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8cdc\u798f\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e26\u975e\u95dc\u4e4e\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u95dc\u4e4e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u61c9\u8a31\u548c\u8b77\u4f51\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u53ea\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u81f4\u5bcc\u7684\u7d93\u904e\u4e26\u975e\u5fc5\u7136\u5149\u5f69\u3002\u9673\u8000\u660e\u7684\u3008\u8ca1\u5bcc\u8207\u8ca7\u7aae\uff1a\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u5c0d\u571f\u5730\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3009\u5247\u628a\u8ca7\u5bcc\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u653e\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5982\u4f55\u5c0d\u5f85\u571f\u5730\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u3002\u8eab\u70ba\u8207\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7acb\u7d04\u7684\u5b50\u6c11\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u8981\u8996\u571f\u5730\u70ba\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u8cdc\u8d08\u7684\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u9130\u570b\u90a3\u6a23\u628a\u571f\u5730\u8b8a\u6210\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5076\u50cf\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u537b\u8d70\u4e0a\u6b67\u8def\uff0c\u9aa8\u5b50\u88cf\u62d2\u7d55\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u7684\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff0c\u7834\u58de\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u8868\u73fe\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u9075\u5b88\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u9020\u6210\u793e\u6703\u8ca7\u5bcc\u61f8\u6b8a\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u7121\u6578\u5148\u77e5\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u627f\u8a8d\u8ca1\u5bcc\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u79ae\u7269\uff0c\u4e14\u66f4\u8981\u597d\u597d\u7167\u9867\u4ed6\u5011\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u8ca7\u7aae\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6881\u4fca\u8c6a\u7684\u3008\u5f9e\u53e4\u4eca\u89c0\u9ede\u770b\u8ca7\u7aae\u3001\u50c5\u8db3\u751f\u5b58\u8207\u4fdd\u7f85\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5730\u4f4d\u3009\u548c\u9ec3\u6f22\u8f1d\u7684\u3008\u4fdd\u7f85\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u4e92\u60e0\u9006\u8f49\u601d\u7dad\u3009\u90fd\u8207\u4fdd\u7f85\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u524d\u8005\u95dc\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u4fdd\u7f85\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5074\u91cd\u4fdd\u7f85\u5c0d\u8ca7\u5bcc\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u6881\u4fca\u8c6a\u6307\u51fa\u73fe\u4ee3\u5b78\u8005\u5c0d\u5e0c\u7f85\u793e\u6703\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u72c0\u6cc1\u548c\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5c0d\u5206\u6790\u4fdd\u7f85\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u8ca7\u7aae\u72c0\u6cc1\u751a\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\uff0c\u800c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u5e0c\u7f85\u793e\u6703\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u7d50\u69cb\u5c6c\u300c\u4e8c\u5206\u7d50\u69cb\u300d\uff08\u300c\u820a\u5171\u8b58\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u7cbe\u82f1\u8207\u975e\u7cbe\u82f1\uff09\u3001\u300c\u4e09\u5206\u7d50\u69cb\u300d\uff08\u5373\u7cbe\u82f1\u8207\u975e\u7cbe\u82f1\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u300c\u4e2d\u9593\u968e\u5c64\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u8ca7\u5bcc\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5728\u4eba\u53e3\u5206\u4f48\u4e2d\u662f\u9010\u6f38\u8b8a\u5316\uff08\u300c\u65b0\u5171\u8b58\u300d\uff09\uff1f\uff082\uff09\u4fdd\u7f85\u3001\u4fe1\u5f92\u9818\u8896\u53ca\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7fa4\u9ad4\u662f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5404\u500b\u968e\u5c64\uff0c\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5e0c\u7f85\u793e\u6703\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u7d50\u69cb\uff08\u300c\u65b0\u5171\u8b58\u300d\uff09\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6210\u54e1\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8ca7\u7aae\u968e\u5c64\uff08\u300c\u820a\u5171\u8b58\u300d\uff09\uff1f\uff083\uff09\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u6703\u95dc\u65bc\u8ca1\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u5747\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5e0c\u7f85\u793e\u6703\u4ee5\u81f3\u4fdd\u7f85\u7fa4\u9ad4\uff1f\u628a\u975e\u7cbe\u82f1\u968e\u5c64\u6309\u300c\u50c5\u8db3\u751f\u5b58\u300d\u958b\u652f\u7684\u500d\u6578\u4f86\u5efa\u69cb\u516d\u7b49\u5206\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6c34\u5e73\u968e\u68af\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6bd4\u6309\u8077\u696d\u548c\u8eab\u5206\u6a19\u7c64\u5283\u5206\u7684\u300c\u8ca7\u7aae \/ \u7d93\u6fdf\u5c3a\u5ea6\u300d\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u5e0c\u7f85\u793e\u6703\u8ca7\u7aae\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5206\u4f48\uff1f\u9ec3\u6f22\u8f1d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5247\u5206\u6790\u4fdd\u7f85\u5728\u99ac\u5176\u9813\u53ca\u4e9e\u8a72\u4e9e\u6559\u6703\u70ba\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u6559\u6703\u6536\u96c6\u6350\u6b3e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63a2\u8a0e\u4fdd\u7f85\u6240\u62b1\u6301\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u8ca7\u5bcc\u300c\u4e92\u60e0\u300d\u601d\u7dad\u3002\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7f85\u5728\u7f85\u99ac\u66f8\u5341\u4e94\u7ae022\u81f329\u7bc0\u63d0\u53ca\u6536\u96c6\u6350\u6b3e\u4e00\u4e8b\u70ba\u8d77\u9ede\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5206\u5225\u89f8\u53ca\u54e5\u6797\u591a\u66f8\u4fe1\uff08\u6797\u524d\u5341\u516d1-4\uff1b\u6797\u5f8c\u516b\uff5e\u4e5d\uff09\u548c\u52a0\u62c9\u592a\u66f8\uff08\u4e8c10\uff09\uff1b\u6700\u5f8c\u56de\u5230\u7f85\u99ac\u66f8\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u4fdd\u7f85\u5728\u7f85\u99ac\u66f8\u5341\u4e94\u7ae022\u81f329\u7bc0\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\u6536\u96c6\u5176\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u300c\u4e92\u60e0\u300d\u601d\u7dad\u3002\u4fdd\u7f85\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u50b3\u9053\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u89e3\u6c7a\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8ca7\u5bcc\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u8457\u300c\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u88cf\u300d\uff0c\u6559\u6703\u7fa4\u9ad4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u60e0\uff1b\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u90a3\u50be\u6d41\u7684\u8c50\u5bcc\u6069\u5178\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u9918\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u88dc\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u4eba\u904e\u5269\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f9b\u60e0\u862d\u7684\u3008\u8ca7\u8207\u5bcc\u76f8\u4f9d\uff1a\u300a\u9ed1\u99ac\u7267\u4eba\u66f8\u300b\u7684\u555f\u8fea\u3009\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e16\u7d00\u4f7f\u5f92\u6559\u7236\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u9ed1\u99ac\u7267\u4eba\u66f8\u300b\u7b2c\u4e94\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bd4\u55bb\uff0c\u85c9\u6b64\u4e86\u89e3\u6559\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u5bcc\u4eba\u548c\u7aae\u4eba\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1b\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u300c\u6986\u6a39\u300d\u548c\u300c\u8461\u8404\u6a39\u300d\u7684\u5171\u751f\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4f86\u985e\u6bd4\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8aaa\u660e\u5169\u8005\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u5354\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u770b\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8996\u70ba\u627f\u8972\u4e86\u8056\u7d93\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u300c\u656c\u8654\u8ca7\u7aae\u4eba\u300d\u548c\u300c\u90aa\u60e1\u5bcc\u6709\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u63a1\u7d0d\u7576\u4ee3\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u6069\u4e3b\uff08patronage\uff09\u6587\u5316\u800c\u6709\u6240\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5c07\u300c\u8ca7\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5bcc\u300d\u7f6e\u653e\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u5c0d\u7acb\u7684\u5169\u6975\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u63a2\u7d22\u96d9\u65b9\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u7528\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5f37\u9805\u548c\u7368\u6709\u7684\uff08\u7269\u8cea \/ \u5c6c\u9748\uff09\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u4e92\u88dc\u76f8\u4f9d\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u6210\u5168\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u7d50\u51fa\u6700\u591a\u7684\u679c\u5b50\u3002\u5289\u632f\u9d6c\u7684\u3008\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u8ca7\u7aae\u8207\u4f60\u4f55\u5e72\u2026\u2026\uff01\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u95e1\u91cb\u5c24\u9054\u7684\u4e3b\u9910\u8e10\u884c\u4e4b\u795e\u5b78\u53ca\u502b\u7406\u610f\u7fa9\u3009\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c24\u9054\uff08John H. Yoder\uff09\u5c0d\u4e3b\u9910\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6307\u51fa\u5176\u502b\u7406\u610f\u6db5\u5728\u65bc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u95dc\u9867\u548c\u6148\u611b\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u61c9\u53ea\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u5c0d\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u7576\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u5916\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u61c9\u53ea\u95dc\u5fc3\u672c\u5730\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e5f\u7576\u6ce8\u610f\u9130\u570b\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u672c\u6587\u9996\u5148\u7c21\u4ecb\u5c24\u9054\u7684\u300a\u8eab\u9ad4\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\uff08<em>Body Politics<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u7e7c\u800c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c24\u9054\u8b1b\u8ff0\u7684\u4e3b\u9910\u7684\u610f\u6db5\uff0c\u8ddf\u8457\u5206\u6790\u4e3b\u9910\u3001\u79a7\u5e74\u3001\u5f4c\u8cfd\u4e9e\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u4ed4\u7d30\u6aa2\u8996\u4e3b\u9910\u7684\u502b\u7406\u610f\u6db5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u671f\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6587\u7ae0\u6709\u6881\u4ee5\u5229\u4e9e\u7684\u3008\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u502b\u7406\u8207\u751f\u547d\u66f4\u65b0\u4e4b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff1a\u63a2\u8a0e\u8056\u9748\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u3009\u3002\u6b64\u6587\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8056\u9748\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u502b\u7406\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u66f4\u65b0\u4e0a\u6709\u751a\u9ebc\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u751f\u547d\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u502b\u7406\u61c9\u7528\u4e0a\u5be6\u8cea\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u672c\u671f\u7684\u66f8\u8a55\uff0c\u8a55\u8ff0\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u6db5\u84cb\u591a\u500b\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u8056\u7d93\u795e\u5b78\u3001\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u91cb\u7d93\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5ba3\u6559\u795e\u5b78\u3001\u7cfb\u7d71\u795e\u5b78\u7b49\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u900f\u904e\u8a55\u8ad6\u8005\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u55ae\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u4e2d\u77e5\u9053\u77e5\u8b58\u524d\u6cbf\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\u518d\u884c\u601d\u8003\u76f8\u95dc\u8ab2\u984c\uff0c\u6709\u6240\u9032\u6df1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"overlay52\" onclick=\"hide52()\">\r\n\t<div id=\"content_wrapper_52\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"text_52\">\r\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\"><p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wealth and Poverty in the Old Testament (I): The Pentateuch and Narratives<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><b>TAI Ho-fai Nicholas<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\u00a0\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Discussing the issue of wealth and poverty in the Old Testament is a broad and profound task. It can be examined in various contexts such as Old Testament ethics and \u00a0social history. In addition, the long history of the Old Testament Israel increases the difficulty, and how we understand the formation history of the Old Testament itself also affects how we approach this topic. Therefore, the article will only give a brief overview of the concepts of wealth and poverty in the Pentateuch. The usage of Hebrew words for wealth and poverty in the Pentateuch will be analyzed so as to see how these concepts function in their respective contexts.<\/p>\n<p>From the perspective of the laws in the Pentateuch, poverty is a reality. The laws do not demand the elimination of it, but as the people of Yahweh (free Israelites), Israel is obliged to care for the poor. On the other hand, based on the stories of the patriarchs, several points about the concept of wealth can be established: First, wealth is a symbol of God\u2019s blessing. Second, the stories are not about wealth but God\u2019s promises and His providence. Third, the patriarchs all realized that wealth was a gift from God. Finally, the process of getting rich is not necessarily a glorious one. Many times, they were in difficult situations, but with the protection and blessing of God, their difficulties were turned into blessings.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"overlay52_1\" onclick=\"hide52_1()\">\r\n\t<div id=\"content_wrapper_52_1\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"text_52_1\">\r\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\"><p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wealth and Poverty: Yahweh\u2019s Demand for the Land<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><b>CHAN Yew Ming<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\u00a0\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ancient Israel received land from Yahweh who established a covenant with them. Yahweh expected Israel to understand that the land is a unique gift that requires Israelites to manage the land and avoid the pitfalls of their neighbours. Unfortunately, these Israelites failed to comprehend the nature of the gift and instead opted for the institutionalisation of their society and fell into idolatry. Their mismanagement of the land revealed a rejection of Yahweh\u2019s sovereignty that led to a breakdown in the divine-human relationship. Yahweh\u2019s specific demands were established via the Law, and numerous prophets reminded Israel to meet them. Israel\u2019s failure to keep the Law and its mismanagement of the land produced a society that requires tackling the divide between the affluent and the poor. The Old Testament acknowledges that wealth is a gift but reminds us that the poor must be taken care of and fairly treated.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"overlay52_2\" onclick=\"hide52_2()\">\r\n\t<div id=\"content_wrapper_52_2\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"text_52_2\">\r\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\"><p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ancient and Modern Perceptions of Poverty, Subsistence and the Economic Location of the Pauline Communities<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><b>LEUNG Chun Ho Bernard<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\u00a0\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>This paper explores the perceptions of poverty in Graeco-Roman society and the modern world, along with their implications for evaluating the economic circumstances of the Pauline communities. The initial sections of this study aim to elucidate the challenges associated with defining and perceiving poverty in scholarly debates. Given that poverty is a universally subjective human experience, describing and comparing the situation of \u201cthe poor\u201d becomes a difficult, if not impossible, task. To analyze the limited and occasionally distorted data on the economic conditions of the ancient world, researchers require contemporary categories, languages, and research methods. Once the methodological issues have been clarified, this paper will provide an overview of the recent discussion about the economic situation of the Pauline communities, emphasizing the problem surrounding the utilization of the concept of \u201csubsistence\u201d in these discussions.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"overlay52_3\" onclick=\"hide52_3()\">\r\n\t<div id=\"content_wrapper_52_3\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"text_52_3\">\r\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\"><p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paul\u2019s Reciprocity on the Poor and Rich<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><b>Solomon H. F. WONG<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\u00a0\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>At the end of the letter to the Romans, Paul says that he will come to visit Rome after he has delivered to Jerusalem the collection raised from the churches of Macedonia and Achaia. Paul also mentioned this collection in the Corinthian correspondence and Galatians. The collection of donations for the poor among the saints in Jerusalem seems to have become significantly important for Paul\u2019s ministry. Why is this collection important to Paul\u2019s ministry and why is this also related to his planned visit to Rome in the near future? The grace of God in Christ (Christ event) and human actions seem to play a reciprocal role in this nascent eschatological community. This paper is an attempt to trace the reciprocity thinking of Paul on the collection regarding the relationship between the rich and poor on the one hand, and between the gentile believers and Jewish believers on the other. We begin our exegetical journey with Romans 15:22-29; then, we lightly touch on 1 Corinthians 16:1-4 and 2 Corinthians 8-9, and Galatians 2:10; and finally, we come back to Romans 15:22-29 for a glimpse of Paul\u2019s aim of writing Romans.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"overlay52_4\" onclick=\"hide52_4()\">\r\n\t<div id=\"content_wrapper_52_4\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"text_52_4\">\r\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\"><p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Rich and the Poor Need Each Other: Illumination from <em>Shepherd of Hermas<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><b>Joyce Wai-Lan SUN<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\u00a0\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>To many Christians, almsgiving and caring for the poor are biblical requirements and thus, natural responsibilities for every Christ follower. In the course of giving and receiving, however, those in need are often reduced to mere passive receivers who must look upon the sheer mercy of those who have. The poor are generally regarded as having nothing to give in return so any act of mercy can hardly serve to shorten the social distance between the rich and the poor.<\/p>\n<p>This essay looks into the model of almsgiving envisioned in the Parable of the Elm and the Vine in the <em>Shepherd of Hermas <\/em>(chapter 51) and demonstrates how<em> Hermas <\/em>postulates the relationship between the rich and the poor as one of mutual \u00a0interdependence and partnership in the works of God. It then contrasts <em>Hermas<\/em>\u2019s vision of the rich-poor relationship with that portrayed in the biblical tradition of \u201cthe pious poor\u201d and \u201cthe wicked rich,\u201d and the Roman culture of patronage. The essay concludes that the model of mutual interdependence advocated in the <em>Shepherd of Hermas<\/em> deserves to be given more thought by the churches in Hong Kong, in which membership including both the rich and the poor is even more commonplace now than in ancient times.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"overlay52_5\" onclick=\"hide52_5()\">\r\n\t<div id=\"content_wrapper_52_5\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"text_52_5\">\r\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\"><p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Poverty, None of the Church\u2019s Business \u2026 !?: Exploring the Theological and Ethical Significance of John Howard Yoder\u2019s Discourse on the Practice of the Lord\u2019s Supper<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><b>Vincent C. P. LAU<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\u00a0\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>The discourse on the Lord\u2019s Supper by John Howard Yoder in his Body Politics specifies that both spiritual and ethical significance is indispensable. The latter pertains to the sociological implications of the practice that Jesus\u2019 disciples are required to share their possessions with others who are in need. This is an embodiment of Yahweh\u2019s order of Jubilee: \u201cthere should not be any poor among you \u2026\u201d (Dt 15:4 NET). Such kind of sharing and provision of basic daily needs with one another is a mark of the messianic age. The ethical significance of the Lord\u2019s Supper is that the church is called to pay close attention to and provide relief for the needy people as a matter of course. There is thus no excuse for the church to ignore the needs of people around us. The care and love of Christians should not be confined to \u201cinsiders,\u201d but also include \u201coutsiders,\u201d not only locally focused but also internationally concerned. The Jubilee 2000 Campaign and the Jubilee Debt Campaign can be regarded as an embodiment of the Christian faith. More importantly, it can serve as an alternative paradigm for global economic practice.<br \/>The purposes of this essay are to explore the theological and sociological connotations of the Lord\u2019s Supper of Yoder\u2019s discourse in his book and to explicate the ethical significance of the church derived from the Lord\u2019s Supper on the issue of poverty and the actions of poverty alleviation. The essay consists of four parts: Firstly, the theological concepts of Body Politics are introduced briefly. Secondly, the discourse on and the significance of the Lord\u2019s Supper discussed by Yoder are examined. Thirdly, the theological conceptual relationship among the Lord\u2019s Supper, Jubilee, and messiah is analyzed. Finally, the ethical significance of the Lord\u2019s Supper is scrutinized.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"overlay52_6\" onclick=\"hide52_6()\">\r\n\t<div id=\"content_wrapper_52_6\">\r\n\t\t<div id=\"text_52_6\">\r\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"display-posts-listing\"><li class=\"listing-item\"><div class=\"content\"><p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Relationship between Christian Ethics and the Transformation of Life: A Study of the Role of the Holy Spirit and the Nature of Transformation<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"color: #235ba8;\"><b>Elijah LIANG Yi Li Yah<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n\u00a0\n<p><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Since Thomas Aquinas, Christian ethics and virtue ethics have been closely intertwined. In recent discussions, some scholars have even equated Christian ethics with virtue ethics. However, while Christian ethics embodies virtuous qualities, it should not be limited to virtue or theological virtue, as a Christian\u2019s life begins with being crucified and resurrected with Christ, resulting in a new life. Therefore, to truly understand Christian ethics, it is essential to clarify the relationship between this new life and ethics. Otherwise, Christian ethics might devolve into humanistic ethics or become a self-help spiritual growth. This article explores the views of three scholars who emphasize the significance of the Holy Spirit in Christian ethics and delve into anthropology to explore the nature of human transformation and how it relates to being crucified and resurrected with Christ and guided by the Holy Spirit. Furthermore, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the meaning of life, this article also explores the concepts of human creation, fall, and Paul\u2019s discourse on new life in Romans and Galatians from this perspective. Finally, based on our research findings, this article offers substantial ethical application recommendations.<\/p>\n<p><\/p><\/div><\/li><\/ul>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n    \r\n<script>\r\n\t\/\/ OVERLAY 52\r\n\tfunction show52_read() {\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"overlay52_read\").style.display = \"block\";\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"content_wrapper_52_read\").style.display = \"block\";\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"text_52_read\").style.display = \"block\";\r\n\t}\r\n\tfunction hide52_read() {\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"overlay52_read\").style.display = \"none\";\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"content_wrapper_52_read\").style.display = \"none\";\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"text_52_read\").style.display = \"none\";\r\n\t}\r\n\t\/\/ OVERLAY 52\r\n\tfunction show52() {\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"overlay52\").style.display = \"block\";\r\n\t\tdocument.getElementById(\"content_wrapper_52\").style.display = 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Dependence: Enlightenment from the Book of the Shepherd of HerculesAbstract Liu Zhenpeng Church, What Does Poverty Have to Do with You...! ? - Explaining the Theological and Ethical Significance of Yoda&#039;s Practice of the Lord&#039;s SupperAbstract Discussion Article Liang Yilia The Relationship between Christian Ethics and Life Renewal: Exploring the Role of the Holy Spirit and the Essence of RenewalAbstract Subscribe online and download the Shan Dao Journal subscription form<\/p>","protected":false},"author":148,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-61173","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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