{"id":70929,"date":"2024-06-14T14:20:09","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T06:20:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/?p=70929"},"modified":"2025-06-02T15:39:30","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T07:39:30","slug":"%e4%b8%8d%e4%b8%8e%e4%bf%97%e5%90%8c%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%8a%e5%b8%9d%e5%85%ac%e4%b9%89%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%8b%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/zh_cn\/?p=70929\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4fd7\u540c\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u516c\u4e49\uff08\u4e0b\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"70929\" class=\"elementor elementor-70929\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e47810 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"0e47810\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0571b5d\" data-id=\"0571b5d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77698db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77698db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>\u79a4\u667a\u4f1f <\/h4>\n\u5b9e\u7528\u795e\u5b66\uff08\u793e\u4f1a\u4f26\u7406\uff09\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-921ea37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"921ea37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-921ea37{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ddc6583 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no wpr-equal-height-no\" data-id=\"ddc6583\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e662b3\" data-id=\"3e662b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d409d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9d409d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.hkbts.edu.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/%E9%99%A2%E8%A8%8A%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0-7-4.png?fit=768%2C384&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-70886\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67f5355 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67f5355\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u79a4\u535a\u58eb\u4e8e\u56db\u6708\u53f7\u300a\u9662\u8baf\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u3008\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4fd7\u540c\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u516c\u4e49\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\u3009\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5723\u7ecf\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u662f\u5206\u4eab\u300d\u3002\u8fd9\u671f\u4ed6\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u300c\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u62a5\u590d\uff0c\u662f\u590d\u548c\u300d\u3002<\/p><blockquote><p>\u2026\u2026\u300c\u5206\u4eab\u300d\u4e5f\u542f\u793a\u51fa\u4e16\u754c\u539f\u521d\u53d7\u9020\u7684\u672c\u76f8\uff1a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d7\u9020\u7269\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u81ea\u8db3\u81ea\u5b58\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u547d\u7684\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u548c\u501a\u8d56\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u53d7\u9020\u7269\u3002 \u2026\u2026<\/p><\/blockquote><p align=\"right\">\u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u671f\u8282\u5f55<\/p><h3 class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color: #235ba8; font-size: 24px;\" align=\"center\"><strong>\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u62a5\u590d\uff0c\u662f\u590d\u548c<\/strong><\/h3><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u5047\u4f7f\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u914d\u800c\u662f\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u8d5e\u540c\u300c\u8d4f\u5584\u7f5a\u6076\u300d\u5427\uff1f\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u4e0e\u300c\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\uff08retributive justice\uff09\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u8bd5\u63a2\u3002<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u300c\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\u5c31\u50cf\u4e16\u4fd7\u5211\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u60e9\u7f5a\u6027\uff08punitive\uff09\u3001\u62a5\u590d\u6027\uff08retaliatory\uff09\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u590d\u4ec7\u5f0f\u7684\uff08vindicitive\uff09\u3002 \u300c\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\u4e0e\u300c\u5206\u914d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u9879\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u8d4f\u7f5a\u8981\u4e0e\u529f\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u5bf9\u7b49\u76f8\u79f0\uff08strictly proportional\uff09\u3002\u540e\u8005\u662f\u5206\u6d3e\u597d\u5904\u3001\u798f\u5229\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u5219\u88c1\u65ad\u3001\u5904\u5206\u3001\u5211\u7f5a\u3002 \u300c\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\u53f7\u79f0\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u8ba8\u56de\u516c\u9053\uff0c\u62e8\u4e71\u53cd\u6b63\uff08righting the wrongs\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec8\u7a76\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u865a\u5047\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u81f3\u591a\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u5106\u6076\u60e9\u5978\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u675c\u7edd\u7f6a\u6076\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u53eb\u4eba\u81fb\u5584\uff0c\u4ea6\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7834\u788e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u590d\u548c\u3002 \u300c\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\u53ea\u80fd\u60e9\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u533b\u6cbb\u3002<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5fc3\u5b58\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4ee5\u4e3a\u65e7\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u8036\u548c\u534e\uff0c\u6b63\u6b63\u5c31\u662f\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u79cd\u62a5\u507f\u6216\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u8005\uff1b\u4ee5\u4e3a\u638c\u7ba1\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u60e9\u5978\u9664\u6076\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u6587\uff0c\u540d\u8bcd\u300c\u516c\u4e49\u300d\u548c\u52a8\u8bcd\u300c\u5ba1\u5224\u300d\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u5b57\u6839\u6709\u5173\u8054\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4f1a\u6309\u516c\u4e49\u5ba1\u5224\u4e16\u4eba\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u6309\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5584\u6076\u3001\u597d\u574f\uff0c\u516c\u5e73\u5730\u62a5\u507f\u6216\u60e9\u7f5a\uff1b\u8fd9\u7684\u786e\u662f\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u9762\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u65e7\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u667a\u6167\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u5148\u77e5\u4e66\u3001\u8bd7\u7bc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u7942\u66f4\u50cf\u4e00\u4f4d\u786e\u4fdd\uff08seeing to\uff09\u300c\u516c\u4e49\u300d\u5f97\u5230\u4f38\u5f20\u7684\u52a9\u4ea7\u58eb\uff0c\u591a\u4e8e\u4e3b\u6301\u516c\u9053\u3001\u4ecb\u5165\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6cd5\u5b98\u3002<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u65e7\u7ea6\u5723\u7ecf\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u7ecf\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u7bb4\u5341\u4e0921\uff1b\u4f55\u56db9\uff1b\u8bd7\u4e0314-17\uff09\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u672c\u8eab\u5fc5\u7136\u4f34\u968f\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u79f0\u7684\u540e\u679c\uff08act-consequence\uff09\uff0c\u9887\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u79cd\u5584\u56e0\uff0c\u5f97\u5584\u679c\u300d\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5f8b\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002<sup>1<\/sup> \u4eba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u300c\u5ba1\u5224\u300d\u884c\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u4f5c\u6076\u7684\u4eba\u6700\u7ec8\u5fc5\u81ea\u98df\u5176\u679c\uff0c\u884c\u6076\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u62db\u635f\uff0c\u7f6a\u6076\u4f1a\u300c\u60e9\u7f5a\u81ea\u5df1\u300d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u90aa\u6076\u7ec8\u4f1a\u81ea\u53d6\u706d\u4ea1\uff08undo itself\uff09\u3002\u800c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u5173\u75db\u75d2\u7684\u89c2\u6469\u8005\u3002\u82e5\u975e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\uff08set into 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loving\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u60e9\u7f5a\u7f6a\u4eba\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u706d\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7684\u574f\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u514b\u670d\u53d7\u9020\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u7f6a\u6076\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u9053\u6210\u8089\u8eab\u5c31\u591a\u6b64\u4e00\u4e3e\uff0c\u6551\u6069\u4e5f\u662f\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u3002\u5b9e\u60c5\u662f\uff0c\u5355\u5355\u60e9\u7f5a\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u8ba9\u7f6a\u6709\u5e94\u5f97\u7684\u4eba\u5f97\u5230\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u62a5\u5e94\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u6ee1\u8db3\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u300d\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u3001\u5b89\u6170\u3001\u8865\u507f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002\u60df\u6709\u8ba9\u4f5c\u6076\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u56de\u8f6c\u3001\u8ba4\u7f6a\u3001\u6094\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u67d0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f25\u8865\u8fc7\u5931\u548c\u5df2\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ed6\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u590d\u548c\uff0c\u4e0e\u522b\u4eba\u590d\u548c\uff0c\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u590d\u548c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0a\u5e1d\u624d\u6700\u5fc3\u6ee1\u610f\u8db3\u3002\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff01<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u53ef\u60dc\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u4fe1\u5f92\u4ecd\u89c9\u56f0\u60d1\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u600e\u53ef\u80fd\u65e2\u662f\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u53c8\u6ee1\u6709\u6148\u7231\u5462\uff1f\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u575a\u6301\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4f4d\u8d4f\u7f5a\u5206\u660e\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u8005\u3002\u4f46\u8bd5\u60f3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5fc3\u4e00\u610f\u53bb\u5ba1\u5224\u3001\u60e9\u7f5a\u4f5c\u6076\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u53c8\u4f55\u987b\u5927\u8d39\u5468\u7ae0\uff0c\u53bb\u633d\u56de\u3001\u62ef\u6551\u6211\u7b49\u7f6a\u4eba\uff1f\u4f55\u51b5\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f38\u51a4\uff0c\u62a5\u5e94\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u5426\u60f3\u8fc7\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u66fe\u4f5c\u6076\uff0c\u52a0\u5bb3\u522b\u4eba\uff1f\u4e16\u4eba\u90a3\u79cd\u52a0\u500d\u5949\u8fd8\u3001\u590d\u4ec7\u5f0f\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5426\u8036\u7a23\u5728\u4e16\u5bc4\u5c45\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u95f4\u6240\u4eb2\u81ea\u542f\u793a\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff1f<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6148\u7231\uff0c\u662f\u4e8c\u800c\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u51b2\u7a81\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9700\u8981\u5316\u89e3\u5f20\u529b\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u65e2\u65bd\u884c\u5ba1\u5224\u53c8\u539f\u8c05\u9976\u6055\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u6240\u524a\u5f31\u7f3a\u635f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e09\u4e00\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u5ba1\u5224\u4e0e\u5bbd\u6055\uff0c\u516c\u4e49\u4e0e\u6148\u7231\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e92\u76f8\u62c9\u952f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u662f\u4ee5\u6148\u7231\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u63a5\u7eb3\u3001\u633d\u6551\u7f6a\u6709\u5e94\u5f97\u7684\u7f6a\u4eba\uff1b\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6148\u7231\u4ea6\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u516c\u4e49\u6700\u6709\u6548\u3001\u6700\u5408\u5b9c\u3001\u6700\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u54c1\u6027\u5339\u914d\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002 \u300c\u5bbd\u6055\u300d\u4e0d\u662f\u6401\u7f6e\u3001\u60ac\u7a7a\u300c\u516c\u4e49\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6148\u7231\u6bd4\u516c\u5e73\u3001\u516c\u9053\u66f4\u52a0\u516c\u4e49\uff08mercy is more just than equality and equity\uff09\uff0c\u6148\u7231\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684<b>\u4ec1\u4e49<\/b>\u3002<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u4e0a\u5e1d\u590d\u548c\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee4\u5bbd\u6055\u65e2\u6210\u4e3a<b>\u53ef\u80fd<\/b>\uff0c\u53c8\u6210\u4e3a<b>\u5fc5\u8981<\/b>\uff1b\u5ba1\u5224\u662f\u5bbd\u6055\u7684\u300c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u300d\uff08condition of possibility\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8981\u4ee4\u7834\u788e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u590d\u548c\u3001\u514b\u80dc\u7f6a\u6076\uff0c\u516c\u4e49\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bbd\u6055\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4f1a\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u9700\u8981\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6148\u7231\u548c\u5bbd\u6055\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76fc\u671b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u81ea\u5df1\uff01<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u65e2\u7136\u516c\u4e49\u662f\u9760\u57fa\u7763\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u5c31\u7684\uff0c\u516c\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e0a\u5e1d\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u793c\u7269\u548c\u6069\u5178\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u975e\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u4e89\u53d6\u3001\u8d62\u53d6\u3001\u8d5a\u53d6\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u5207\u5b9e\u9645\u3001\u8131\u79bb\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u300c\u7406\u60f3\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7fa4\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5168\u7136\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u5706\u6ee1\u5730\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6d3b\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p><p align=\"\u201cjustify\u201d\">\u60df\u6709\u6559\u4f1a\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u6d3b\u51fa\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u516c\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u60df\u6709\u6559\u4f1a\u624d\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u5e1d\u300c\u5e94\u5f97\u300d\u7684\uff08what is due God\uff09\uff0c\u5949\u732e\u53ca\u5f52\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5fe0\u4fe1\u5730\u656c\u62dc\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002<\/p><h3 class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color: #808080; font-size: 10px;\">____________________________________________<\/h3><p style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><sup>1<\/sup> \u53c2Klaus Koch, \u201cIs There a Doctrine of Retribution in the Old Testament,\u201d in <em>Theodicy in the Old Testament<\/em>, ed. James L. Crenshaw (Philadelphia, PA: Fortress, 1983), 57-87\u3002<\/p><p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p><p style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><sup>*<\/sup> \u6ce8\u91ca\u4ece\u7565\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3008\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4f26\u7406\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u54c1\u6027\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u65bd\u4e3a\u6027\u5730\u4f4d\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u5c71\u9053\u671f\u520a\u300b\u7b2c41\u671f\uff082018\u5e746\u6708\uff09\u3002<\/p><p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e96e15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e96e15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-8e96e15{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5915d86 elementor-align-center elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-laptop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5915d86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-5915d86{display:none !important}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u79a4\u667a\u4f1f\u5b9e\u7528\u795e\u5b66\uff08\u793e\u4f1a\u4f26\u7406\uff09\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388Freeman Huen Assistant Professor of Practical Theology (Social Ethics)   \u79a4\u535a\u58eb\u4e8e\u56db\u6708\u53f7\u300a\u9662\u8baf\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u3008\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4fd7\u540c\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u516c\u4e49\uff08\u4e0a\uff09\u3009\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u5723\u7ecf\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u300c\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u662f\u5206\u4eab\u300d\u3002\u8fd9\u671f\u4ed6\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u300c\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u62a5\u590d\uff0c\u662f\u590d\u548c\u300d\u3002 \u2026\u2026\u300c\u5206\u4eab\u300d\u4e5f\u542f\u793a\u51fa\u4e16\u754c\u539f\u521d\u53d7\u9020\u7684\u672c\u76f8\uff1a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d7\u9020\u7269\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u81ea\u8db3\u81ea\u5b58\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u547d\u7684\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u548c\u501a\u8d56\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u53d7\u9020\u7269\u3002 \u2026\u2026 \u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u671f\u8282\u5f55\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u62a5\u590d\uff0c\u662f\u590d\u548c\u5047\u4f7f\u5723\u7ecf\u91cc\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u914d\u800c\u662f\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u8d5e\u540c\u300c\u8d4f\u5584\u7f5a\u6076\u300d\u5427\uff1f\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u4e0e\u300c\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\uff08retributive justice\uff09\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u8bd5\u63a2\u3002   \u300c\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u4e49\u300d\u5c31\u50cf\u4e16\u4fd7\u5211\u6cd5\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u60e9\u7f5a\u6027\uff08punitive\uff09\u3001\u62a5\u590d\u6027\uff08retaliatory\uff09\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u590d\u4ec7\u5f0f\u7684\uff08vindicitive\uff09\u3002 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