Hill Road Journal

Religious Commitment in a Pluralistic Society: An Old Testament Perspective

WONG Fook Kong

This essay begins with Brueggemann's observation about the “amazing pluralism” both within and without the Church. I agree with this statement with the qualification that this has been the experience of Asian churches all along. Pluralism both within and without its ranks is not new to Asian churches. When we look at the Old Testament against the background of the ancient Near East, it is evident that ancient Israel also lived in a pluralistic society. Different gods competed for loyalty among the nations. Within Israel too there were different views about YHWH . It is against these competing ideologies that the authors of the Bible affirmed their commitment to worship YHWH as the one and only God. Thus pluralism should not be a reason for abandoning one's commitment to worship YHWH as the one and only God. Rather, it is exactly in face of alternatives and competing claims that one needs to make a firm commitment to worship YHWH.

The Challenge of Religious Pluralism: The Book of Acts as a Test Case

Poling J. Sun

Since the 80s of the last century the issue of plural religiousism has become a challenge to Christian communities. Granted the highly developed connections among nations in this electronic age resulting in conversations and mutual influences, a plurality of cultural and religious phenomena seems inevitable. This is similar to the situation in which the early Christian communities found themselves, addressing and being addressed by a world characterized by cultural inter-penetration. With this in view, this article offers a study of several passages in the Book of Acts, attempting to explore how the early Christian communities encountered their surrounding culture in the course of finding their identity and appropriating their mission.

The Church and Pluralism in the Patristic Period: A Reconsideration of the Progress of Christianization of the Roman Empire during the Time of Constantine

Nathan K. Ng

The reason for the conversion of Constantine has long been a matter of scholarly debate. Traditionally, the emperor is believed to have been converted religiously by the power of Christ. Modern scholarship, however, tends to attribute the conversion to political reason. This article intends to reevaluate the controversial conversion through a reexamination of the progress of christianization of the Roman Empire.

The first section tries to show that the political stature of paganism was actually at that time much higher than the church. It would be very difficult to explain why Constantine chose to become a Christian if, as many modern scholars suggest, political stability was his sole concern. On this foundation, the second section argues that the emperor's bias towards Christianity was at least partially religious. Putting all evidences into consideration, a proposal of the spiritual journey of Constantine is tentatively reconstructed at the end of the discussion.

Zhong Chengzhi

陳宇恩

Chaplain, Lecturer of Practical Theology

Returning to the Path of Faith

After graduating from junior college, I received many job opportunities and gained the appreciation of my seniors. I was ambitious and determined to develop my career, but my relationship with God grew increasingly distant. Thank God, He pulled me back down when my career was taking off. An accident injured my left foot, requiring me to stop working for six months. All my professional achievements vanished, but it gave me time to rest quietly and reflect on my life. Looking back on my growth, I realized that God had always bestowed abundant grace upon my life: growing up in the church from a young age, being built up, and receiving love; deciding to believe in the Lord in high school, being reborn, knowing God, and being baptized into Christ. At that moment, I realized that I had sinned against God because I was attracted by the "bright future" before me and had forgotten the Father's abundant grace.

After recovering, I joined the church's college fellowship. The mentor's sharing, the companionship and encouragement of fellow members helped me return to the path of faith and change my old habit of using foul language.

I was called at the beginning of my ministry

From then on, I actively devoted myself to church service, hoping to live a life that pleased the Lord. During one worship service, a thought surfaced in my mind: I had previously ignored God, yet He hadn't given up on me and still allowed me to serve Him. Why did God still seek me when I was so unworthy? Then I clearly heard a sentence: "You're already twenty-one years old, why don't you 'all in' (put everything on God)?" This thought went straight to the depths of my heart, like a soul-searching question. At that moment, I couldn't and didn't have the confidence to respond, but this thought kept echoing in my heart.

My parents are devout Buddhists, and they often clash because of their faith. If they told me I was going to study theology and serve God full-time, I imagined our family would be in constant turmoil. I entrusted this matter to God, asking Him to change my parents' hearts, and invited fellow members of my seminary to pray for their conversion. More than half a year later, on a Sunday afternoon in December 2022, my parents surprisingly converted to Christianity together, and immediately arranged to remove the idols they had worshipped in their home for over thirty years. Since God had opened the way, I decided to take the first step and began searching for seminary course materials.

Confirmed amidst doubt

Just as I was planning to study theology full-time, my girlfriend's father suddenly passed away, a devastating blow to both of us. I was busy helping her with various procedures and rituals while also taking care of her needs. At the time, I felt inexperienced in society and financially unstable, constantly doubting my abilities and even blaming God for this ordeal. To accommodate my girlfriend's potential financial needs, I became more reserved about serving God full-time, and the idea of "all in" gradually faded, yet I felt indebted to God.

In mid-2023, the church organized a short-term mission trip to Taiwan. I hadn't originally planned to participate, but after repeated invitations from deacons and pastors, and after much internal struggle, I finally decided to go. God then led me to an unexpected experience. The last day of the trip was street preaching. I was in a very bad mood that day and didn't actively talk to anyone; I just stood beside my teammates praying. On the way back, we met an elderly woman, and during our conversation, we learned she was also a Christian. We prayed for her, and to our surprise, she suddenly said, "I also want to pray for you." Then she said to me, "You will become a pastor someday." I was a little startled. Later, when I shared this with the other members of the mission trip at the hotel, I remembered the idea of "all in." God had reminded me through a passerby that He was still waiting.

Rediscovering the calling at the camp

Back in Hong Kong, I began searching for direction again. Following the advice of a theology student, I participated in a seminary life experience camp at Hong Kong Baptist Theological Seminary. The final part of the camp involved individual interviews with professors, and Dr. Tang Siu-kwong was the one who interviewed me. He said something that deeply affected me: "It is a grace that God gives you the opportunity to participate in His plan today; if you ignore it, He can find someone else." This prompted me to reflect deeply."What could be more important than serving God?"This time I clearly understand that nothing in life is more important than serving God. My own abilities are not the point; the key is God's calling. There is no need to pave the way for myself; I only need to respond in faith and embark on the journey of God's calling.

I firmly believe that God has always allowed me to experience His truth in things big and small, and that even today, as I am being equipped to become His worker, all of this is inseparable from His grace and plan.I am willing to dedicate my best years to God while I am young, and I hope to give back to and serve my mother church in the future.

The Psalms are a collection of the lsraelites' hymns, containing songs sung by individuals and congregations during worship. Throughout the ages, God's people have expressed their love and reverence through worship, praise, supplication, and thanksgiving to the glory of God. These hymns are rich in content, focusing on God's attributes and works, including His Creation, sovereignty, redemptive history, protection, and providence. By declaring God's works, the Psalms reveal His nature, showcase His greatness, power, righteousness, and mercy, and remind God's people that He is the Lord of all and the eternal King. As they join together to honor and praise Him, His kingdom is manifested on Earth!

Psalm 145 is an acrostic poem in which each verse begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its orderly structure makes it easy for readers to memorize. This psalm extols God as the universal King and celebrates His everlasting kingdom. His throne and reign are forever and unchanging from beginning to end. Therefore, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in worship, praising God and giving thanks for His marvelous works.

Praise the Mighty Power of God

　　The introduction of the psalm (vv. 1-2) is like a call to worship. The psalmist, acting as the officiant, gathers and leads the Israelite congregation to worship God as the most glorious King.

At the outset, the psalmist addresses Yahweh as “my God and King,” acknowledging Him as the one true God and great King. He then expresses his resolve to praise His name forever, committing himself to worship and serve Him as an expression of reverence, faith, and devotion (vv. 1-2). (v. 1); “bless,” “praise” (v. 2); “commend,” “declare” (v. 4); “speak of” (see NIV note), “meditate” (v. 5); “speak of,” “declare” (v. 6); “pour forth,” “sing aloud” (v. 7)—to convey their unceasing adoration.

　　The first section (vv. 1-9) points out the reason for praise: God is great. He stands above all Creation, is incomparable, and performs awesome deeds independently; He is worthy of honor and praise. His greatness, wisdom, and might are way beyond human comprehension. Thus, God's people should always sing about His infinite greatness and wonders. The psalmist employs various terms—including “great” (v. 3); “mighty” (v. 4); “glorious splendor,” “majesty, “wondrous works” (v. 5); “the might of your awesome deeds” and “greatness” (v. 6)—to extol God’s wondrous works in Creation and history, where His glory and power are revealed.

In particular, words such as “glorious,” “splendor,” and “majesty” (v. 5) to emphasize God's exalted kingship. He alone is the King of kings and Lord of lords, surpassing all other powers. His majesty and glory inspire awe and submission, prompting people to honor and revere Him and to offer their lives as a sacrifice. Therefore, he calls God's people to proclaim His great mercy and grace, to speak of His grace of redemption, and to pass this testimony from generation to generation, so that praises may pour forth, composing an everlasting symphony (vv. 4-7).

Next, in verse 8, the psalmist recalls God's mighty acts of salvation in history with a specific reference to His abundant love, mercy, and forgiveness. This verse takes the Israelites' exodus from Egypt as a backdrop, recounting how God's righteousness, goodness, and faithfulness were manifested among them as a historical testimony (cf. Ex 34:6). It reminds God's people how they experienced His love and mercy in the past and serves as a witness to His abundant grace. Verse 9 further highlights God's sovereignty over all Creation and His purpose for the world (His redemptive plan), salvation, and providence. It reflects that His grace and mercy extends not only to Israel but also to all nations and peoples, as well as all created beings, thus revealing that God is the Lord of all and the King of the universe!

Today, we must be clear about whom we worship. We worship the Almighty God who rules the universe and possesses supreme power. In worship, we, as God's people, must humbly bow before Him and publicly acknowledge His sovereignty. He is the Lord of our lives, and we must allow His glory to be revealed in us!

Proclaim the Glory of God's Kingdom

At the beginning of the second section (vv. 10-13a), the psalmist calls again the entire congregation to praise God, even inviting all Creation to join in (v. 10), acknowledging Him as the supreme Ruler and eternal King, worthy of honor and worship. Praise is not only based on God's nature and deeds but also on His kingship. The kingdom of God is everlasting, majestic, and powerful, bringing about perfect justice, goodness, and peace. Thus, the psalmist proclaims the glory of God's kingdom and celebrates His universal reign, for He alone is the great King whose authority extends over everything in heaven and on Earth (vv. 11-13).

From generation to generation, God's people have proclaimed His eternal kingdom and declared His victory and authority. God desires His people to bear witness on Earth so that all may know His mighty deeds. Today, His kingship and reign are manifested on Earth in the worship of the church and can be experienced here and now. The church is called to exalt God and proclaim His name., we must live out a life of worship, openly confess our faith, and remain steadfast in our allegiance to God.

Praise the Loving Care of God

In the third section (vv. 13b-21), the psalmist praises God as the faithful, covenant-keeping, merciful, and gracious Lord, expressing profound gratitude for His kindness.

God is the Creator and Ruler of the universe. Every creature depends on Him for existence. He governs, provides for, and sustains the world and all that is in it. His care and providence reveal His love, and all Creation reflects His glory, fulfilling His good will. In short, all of Creation testifies to God's glory and power.

　　God is not only majestic and powerful but also caring and providing for all the needs of His Creation. His grace extends across the Earth and benefits all peoples; all Creation depends on His provision. Therefore, the psalmist repeatedly uses words such as “all” and “every” to emphasize that God's providence encompasses the entire created order. The psalmist uses various terms to describe God's care for humanity and His people, including “upholds,” “raises up” (v. 14); hand," "satisfy the desire" (v. 16); "[be] righteous," "[be] kind" (v. 17); "[be] near to all who call on Him" (v. 18); "fulfills the desire," "hears their cry," "saves them" (v. 19); "preserves all who love Him" and "destroy the wicked" (v. 20).

On the one hand, God treats humanity with justice and mercy, generously providing for their needs so they lack nothing. This demonstrates His love, care, and provision for all people (vv. 14-17). On the other hand, He bestows grace and blessings on those who call upon Him—He hears their prayers, responds to their needs, and protects and delivers His people from evil and danger (vv. 18-20). assurance. His meticulous care and preservation of His people always evoke them to respond to His abundant grace with hearts filled with gratitude and praise.

The goodness and mercy of God have been revealed throughout the ages. Today, as we deeply experience His abundant grace and love, our hearts overflow with joy and satisfaction. We should likewise offer Him our reverence, praise, and gratitude from the depths of our hearts, presenting ourselves to Him so that our spiritual lives may be renewed and revived!

All the World Shall Come and Praise God

　　The conclusion of the psalm (v. 21) echoes its introduction (vv. 1-2). At the climax of worship, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in unison, committing to praising God all their lives, and he further invites every nation and people to join in, coming together to extol God's authority, power, and glory.

As we can see, this song of praise builds step by step, starting from within and gradually extending outward: from the officer's opening declaration, to calling the congregation to join in, and finally to a universal call for all nations and peoples to bow down in worship. Together they offer joyful praise and acclamation, extolling all the works and blessings of God and giving Him glory and praise forevermore!

　　The worship spans from the individual to the community, from Earth to heaven, and even reaches across the entire universe. Today, whenever we offer reverent worship to God, it is as though we are joining the eternal choir in heaven, singing alongside saints of all ages, angels, and heavenly hosts to honor the Most High, partaking a worship that is broader, richer, and everlasting. In other words, church congregations on Earth are closely connected with these celestial worshippers, gathering before God's throne and echoing, "Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God" (Rv 19:1). In worship, we realize that God's kingdom and reign are now among us, enabling us to see His glory and live out a life on Earth “as it is in heaven.”

Conclusion

Psalm 145 highlights God's majesty, power, and His everlasting kingdom. As Sovereign Ruler of the universe, God's greatness, awesomeness, and transcendence deserve praise from all Creation throughout the ages, from eternity to eternity. His governance, protection, grace, and mercy over all Creation reflect that His salvation is not confined to Israel but extends to all nations and peoples. This psalm urges God's people to sing praises to Him from generation to generation, proclaiming His mighty act of salvation and wondrous works, and bearing witness to His presence and glory in the world. God desires His people to reveal His glory so that all may come to know Him and turn to Him.

The next year marks the 75th anniversary of HKBTS. We look forward to gathering choirs from all Baptist churches to participate in the 75th Anniversary Thanksgiving Service and Concert of Praise. Let us sing praises to God as a sacrifice, testifying to His mighty salvation and wondrous works, giving thanks for His great mercy and grace, and showing gratitude for all His kindness, “for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever!”

　　The ultimate meaning of life is to glorify God. May we always remember His abundant grace, guidance, and protection, and offer our lives as living sacrifices, hallowing God in every moment, living a life of worship, and becoming His children pleasing to Him!

____________________________________________

^* All Scripture quotations are taken from the ESV.

Zhang Leheng

M. Div 1

陳宇恩

Chaplain, Lecturer of Practical Theology

Experiencing the Lord's Love

I grew up in a Christian primary school, listening to my teachers explain the Bible. From then on, I simply believed in God and obeyed Him. Later, someone introduced me to church worship services, which began my church life. But at that time, I only attended worship services, and later, after studying abroad for many years, my relationship with the church was not close.

In October 2016, I returned to Hong Kong after graduating from university, and my grandfather passed away peacefully in the Lord's embrace. I was very saddened, but when the pastor expressed his condolences and care on behalf of the church, I immediately felt God's love, which made me long to respond and seek Him. Afterwards, I joined the church fellowship and truly felt the love of the brothers and sisters in the Lord, and pursued spiritual growth with them.

Awaken the heart of mission

At the end of 2018, at the invitation of two brothers, I went to Myanmar to serve. This ministry was like an eye-opener, making me understand the faith more, experience the spiritual life more deeply, and making the flower of longing for the Great Commission of spreading the gospel bloom in my heart.

Thanks be to God, several years have passed, but my sincerity has not faded, and I always keep the ministry of the Grace Church in Myanmar in mind. In the summer of 2023, I visited the church for the third time. In addition to visiting the co-workers, children and other brothers and sisters, I also took the opportunity to learn about the status of the library that I had previously established and to participate in Grace's expansion plan.

Both then and now, the situation in Myanmar is heartbreaking. Since the military regained control, the country has been engulfed in constant warfare, and its people have been displaced. Hospitals are without doctors, schools are without teachers, and the people have lost all hope—a truly tragic situation! On my recent return to En Ying, my heart was deeply moved, and I saw so many lives lacking and in need of blessing. The electronic keyboard in the church had never worked; the girls' dormitory didn't even have a fan, making summer nights unbearably hot. Upon learning this, I immediately went to buy one, hoping it would improve their lives. Although this help may be limited, I could only do my best.

The children's kind hearts touched me once again. They were eager to learn about Chinese literature, so I helped them by guiding them through Su Shi's "Prelude to Water Melody" and Li Yu's "To the Tune of Yu Meiren." Seeing their satisfied faces made even the sweat I shed that night worthwhile. This reminded me to maintain a pure and kind heart every day, and to reflect on how God values our inner selves. It made me ask myself: Do we truly have a simple and humble heart to follow the Lord?

I visited several impoverished families. Although they were poor, and their homes were practically uninhabitable for Hong Kong people, the sight of them singing hymns and worshipping God from the bottom of their hearts that evening brought tears to my eyes. I also visited a newly established primary school in the suburbs. Although it was run by a church, there were even young monks attending. I hope the Lord will grant grace to that place and lead more teachers to come and teach.

The sheer number and abundance of ministry work made me deeply aware that there was so much to harvest but so few people to do the work. After returning to Hong Kong that time, I shared my experiences at various churches, hoping that more believers would understand Graceful Abundance, be willing to give, pray fervently, and together bless the churches in Myanmar.

Committed to the Vision of Mission

Through my ministry in Myanmar, God has given me a vision for missionary work. I pray that God will grant me His heart to see those who are lacking and persecuted, and that He will not only enable me to sincerely worship Him, but also to lead people of all nations and peoples to know Him.Even if a lifetime of missionary work yields only meager results, how wonderful it would be if it could lead us, all created beings, into the fellowship of the Triune Creator, and sing praises aloud!

On August 9, 2024, I turned thirty. I am grateful that I was in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, participating in a short-term mission trip at the time. Under the guidance of Pastors Tang Rongmin and Zhong Zhiguang, I felt particularly moved at turning thirty.I ask the Lord, what gifts have He bestowed upon me? I ask again, youth has passed, why not tighten your belt and set out, why wait until old age?Therefore, I resolved to respond to the Lord's call, enter the seminary to be equipped, and hope to be used by Him.

Lord, though I am weak and lacking, I ask for Your grace and love, that You send me and use me. I wish to follow You all my life! Amen!

The Psalms are a collection of the lsraelites' hymns, containing songs sung by individuals and congregations during worship. Throughout the ages, God's people have expressed their love and reverence through worship, praise, supplication, and thanksgiving to the glory of God. These hymns are rich in content, focusing on God's attributes and works, including His Creation, sovereignty, redemptive history, protection, and providence. By declaring God's works, the Psalms reveal His nature, showcase His greatness, power, righteousness, and mercy, and remind God's people that He is the Lord of all and the eternal King. As they join together to honor and praise Him, His kingdom is manifested on Earth!

Psalm 145 is an acrostic poem in which each verse begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its orderly structure makes it easy for readers to memorize. This psalm extols God as the universal King and celebrates His everlasting kingdom. His throne and reign are forever and unchanging from beginning to end. Therefore, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in worship, praising God and giving thanks for His marvelous works.

Praise the Mighty Power of God

　　The introduction of the psalm (vv. 1-2) is like a call to worship. The psalmist, acting as the officiant, gathers and leads the Israelite congregation to worship God as the most glorious King.

At the outset, the psalmist addresses Yahweh as “my God and King,” acknowledging Him as the one true God and great King. He then expresses his resolve to praise His name forever, committing himself to worship and serve Him as an expression of reverence, faith, and devotion (vv. 1-2). (v. 1); “bless,” “praise” (v. 2); “commend,” “declare” (v. 4); “speak of” (see NIV note), “meditate” (v. 5); “speak of,” “declare” (v. 6); “pour forth,” “sing aloud” (v. 7)—to convey their unceasing adoration.

　　The first section (vv. 1-9) points out the reason for praise: God is great. He stands above all Creation, is incomparable, and performs awesome deeds independently; He is worthy of honor and praise. His greatness, wisdom, and might are way beyond human comprehension. Thus, God's people should always sing about His infinite greatness and wonders. The psalmist employs various terms—including “great” (v. 3); “mighty” (v. 4); “glorious splendor,” “majesty, “wondrous works” (v. 5); “the might of your awesome deeds” and “greatness” (v. 6)—to extol God’s wondrous works in Creation and history, where His glory and power are revealed.

In particular, words such as “glorious,” “splendor,” and “majesty” (v. 5) to emphasize God's exalted kingship. He alone is the King of kings and Lord of lords, surpassing all other powers. His majesty and glory inspire awe and submission, prompting people to honor and revere Him and to offer their lives as a sacrifice. Therefore, he calls God's people to proclaim His great mercy and grace, to speak of His grace of redemption, and to pass this testimony from generation to generation, so that praises may pour forth, composing an everlasting symphony (vv. 4-7).

Next, in verse 8, the psalmist recalls God's mighty acts of salvation in history with a specific reference to His abundant love, mercy, and forgiveness. This verse takes the Israelites' exodus from Egypt as a backdrop, recounting how God's righteousness, goodness, and faithfulness were manifested among them as a historical testimony (cf. Ex 34:6). It reminds God's people how they experienced His love and mercy in the past and serves as a witness to His abundant grace. Verse 9 further highlights God's sovereignty over all Creation and His purpose for the world (His redemptive plan), salvation, and providence. It reflects that His grace and mercy extends not only to Israel but also to all nations and peoples, as well as all created beings, thus revealing that God is the Lord of all and the King of the universe!

Today, we must be clear about whom we worship. We worship the Almighty God who rules the universe and possesses supreme power. In worship, we, as God's people, must humbly bow before Him and publicly acknowledge His sovereignty. He is the Lord of our lives, and we must allow His glory to be revealed in us!

Proclaim the Glory of God's Kingdom

At the beginning of the second section (vv. 10-13a), the psalmist calls again the entire congregation to praise God, even inviting all Creation to join in (v. 10), acknowledging Him as the supreme Ruler and eternal King, worthy of honor and worship. Praise is not only based on God's nature and deeds but also on His kingship. The kingdom of God is everlasting, majestic, and powerful, bringing about perfect justice, goodness, and peace. Thus, the psalmist proclaims the glory of God's kingdom and celebrates His universal reign, for He alone is the great King whose authority extends over everything in heaven and on Earth (vv. 11-13).

From generation to generation, God's people have proclaimed His eternal kingdom and declared His victory and authority. God desires His people to bear witness on Earth so that all may know His mighty deeds. Today, His kingship and reign are manifested on Earth in the worship of the church and can be experienced here and now. The church is called to exalt God and proclaim His name., we must live out a life of worship, openly confess our faith, and remain steadfast in our allegiance to God.

Praise the Loving Care of God

In the third section (vv. 13b-21), the psalmist praises God as the faithful, covenant-keeping, merciful, and gracious Lord, expressing profound gratitude for His kindness.

God is the Creator and Ruler of the universe. Every creature depends on Him for existence. He governs, provides for, and sustains the world and all that is in it. His care and providence reveal His love, and all Creation reflects His glory, fulfilling His good will. In short, all of Creation testifies to God's glory and power.

　　God is not only majestic and powerful but also caring and providing for all the needs of His Creation. His grace extends across the Earth and benefits all peoples; all Creation depends on His provision. Therefore, the psalmist repeatedly uses words such as “all” and “every” to emphasize that God's providence encompasses the entire created order. The psalmist uses various terms to describe God's care for humanity and His people, including “upholds,” “raises up” (v. 14); hand," "satisfy the desire" (v. 16); "[be] righteous," "[be] kind" (v. 17); "[be] near to all who call on Him" (v. 18); "fulfills the desire," "hears their cry," "saves them" (v. 19); "preserves all who love Him" and "destroy the wicked" (v. 20).

On the one hand, God treats humanity with justice and mercy, generously providing for their needs so they lack nothing. This demonstrates His love, care, and provision for all people (vv. 14-17). On the other hand, He bestows grace and blessings on those who call upon Him—He hears their prayers, responds to their needs, and protects and delivers His people from evil and danger (vv. 18-20). assurance. His meticulous care and preservation of His people always evoke them to respond to His abundant grace with hearts filled with gratitude and praise.

The goodness and mercy of God have been revealed throughout the ages. Today, as we deeply experience His abundant grace and love, our hearts overflow with joy and satisfaction. We should likewise offer Him our reverence, praise, and gratitude from the depths of our hearts, presenting ourselves to Him so that our spiritual lives may be renewed and revived!

All the World Shall Come and Praise God

　　The conclusion of the psalm (v. 21) echoes its introduction (vv. 1-2). At the climax of worship, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in unison, committing to praising God all their lives, and he further invites every nation and people to join in, coming together to extol God's authority, power, and glory.

As we can see, this song of praise builds step by step, starting from within and gradually extending outward: from the officer's opening declaration, to calling the congregation to join in, and finally to a universal call for all nations and peoples to bow down in worship. Together they offer joyful praise and acclamation, extolling all the works and blessings of God and giving Him glory and praise forevermore!

　　The worship spans from the individual to the community, from Earth to heaven, and even reaches across the entire universe. Today, whenever we offer reverent worship to God, it is as though we are joining the eternal choir in heaven, singing alongside saints of all ages, angels, and heavenly hosts to honor the Most High, partaking a worship that is broader, richer, and everlasting. In other words, church congregations on Earth are closely connected with these celestial worshippers, gathering before God's throne and echoing, "Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God" (Rv 19:1). In worship, we realize that God's kingdom and reign are now among us, enabling us to see His glory and live out a life on Earth “as it is in heaven.”

Conclusion

Psalm 145 highlights God's majesty, power, and His everlasting kingdom. As Sovereign Ruler of the universe, God's greatness, awesomeness, and transcendence deserve praise from all Creation throughout the ages, from eternity to eternity. His governance, protection, grace, and mercy over all Creation reflect that His salvation is not confined to Israel but extends to all nations and peoples. This psalm urges God's people to sing praises to Him from generation to generation, proclaiming His mighty act of salvation and wondrous works, and bearing witness to His presence and glory in the world. God desires His people to reveal His glory so that all may come to know Him and turn to Him.

The next year marks the 75th anniversary of HKBTS. We look forward to gathering choirs from all Baptist churches to participate in the 75th Anniversary Thanksgiving Service and Concert of Praise. Let us sing praises to God as a sacrifice, testifying to His mighty salvation and wondrous works, giving thanks for His great mercy and grace, and showing gratitude for all His kindness, “for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever!”

　　The ultimate meaning of life is to glorify God. May we always remember His abundant grace, guidance, and protection, and offer our lives as living sacrifices, hallowing God in every moment, living a life of worship, and becoming His children pleasing to Him!

____________________________________________

^* All Scripture quotations are taken from the ESV.

Wu Wanqi

陳宇恩

Chaplain, Lecturer of Practical Theology

Stumbling and bumbling, exploring the call to life

In 2010, before I became a believer, my grandmother fell into a coma due to heart disease. A good friend who was a believer led me in prayer. During prayer, I felt an inexplicable peace; God answered my prayers, and my grandmother awoke after surgery. So, during my high school evangelistic day camp, I decided to become a believer and actively participated in church services. Later, God led me to serve in music, becoming the organist for the fellowship and church. Initially, I only wanted to dedicate music to God, but in my service, I gradually understood that music can touch hearts and convey God's word.

In 2014, at a revival meeting, I was called to serve the Hong Kong healthcare system, to become a nurse, and to save patients' lives. After that, I enrolled in the nursing department at university, but during my first year of internship, I saw a patient I had cared for pass away, and I asked myself, "Did she really find peace after she left?" That sense of powerlessness deeply hurt me.

In 2018, unable to bear the pressure of the nursing department, I resolutely transferred to the Faculty of Arts to study cultural studies. This change left me feeling powerless and inferior, as if I had failed to fulfill God's calling me to become a nurse. To meet graduation requirements, I had almost no social life, focusing solely on studying, often complaining, "Why am I such a failure?" My faith gradually cooled. But God used the general philosophy course in university to make me rethink: in the face of seemingly profound human thoughts, human wisdom is no match for God's. Only one voice echoed in my heart: I long to continue to know this one true God.

After graduation, I worked as a teacher in an educational institution, accompanying students through public exams and sharing with them how God was guiding me. Their achievements and growth gave me satisfaction, even leading me to believe it was another calling from God. However, every time I left the classroom, a sense of emptiness and powerlessness lingered. I repeatedly asked myself, "Have my students truly found direction in life?"

Lord opens the way, I follow you wholeheartedly

It wasn't until 2023, when God made me a trainee pastor in the church, that I truly understood the weight of pastoral care. Once, while leading a Bible study, I had a profound realization: "How can I shepherd the flock if God's word is not on my lips?"At that moment I understood that shepherding is not based on experience or skills, but on the word of God.Recognizing my own inadequacy is precisely the time for God to work. I began enrolling in equipping courses, attending prayer meetings, and relearning to follow God's will.

In March 2025, on Theological Sunday, God called me through John 21:15, asking me again and again, "Do you love me more than these?" This question deeply touched me. After talking with the pastor, I made up my mind and decided to dedicate myself fully to God and enroll in Hong Kong Baptist Theological Seminary. God also confirmed my decision—my non-believing parents fully supported me, and my mother even attended my opening ceremony, letting me know that God had given me all the "green lights."

Today, I enter seminary with a firm and clear mind. God has placed two burdens in my heart: First, for young people—especially high school students—who face many emotional struggles, and I long to walk alongside them, leading them to experience Jesus as their true reliance. Second, for church unity—I see tension in the church often caused by misunderstandings, and I wish to be a bridge between pastors and members, promoting unity and enabling the church to grow healthily.

I often ask myself, "What kind of preacher do I want to be?" I still don't have an answer.But thinking of the countless blessings God has bestowed upon me, how can I not live for Him? I am willing to dedicate myself and spend my life showing people what God has done for me.I long to be equipped not only academically at the seminary, but also spiritually shaped, so that I may become a faithful shepherd and worker who is devoted to the truth. This is not because I have anything to boast about, but because I have received immense grace.

May God continue to use me, enabling me to serve Him faithfully throughout my life. May all glory belong to the God I love!

The Psalms are a collection of the lsraelites' hymns, containing songs sung by individuals and congregations during worship. Throughout the ages, God's people have expressed their love and reverence through worship, praise, supplication, and thanksgiving to the glory of God. These hymns are rich in content, focusing on God's attributes and works, including His Creation, sovereignty, redemptive history, protection, and providence. By declaring God's works, the Psalms reveal His nature, showcase His greatness, power, righteousness, and mercy, and remind God's people that He is the Lord of all and the eternal King. As they join together to honor and praise Him, His kingdom is manifested on Earth!

Psalm 145 is an acrostic poem in which each verse begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its orderly structure makes it easy for readers to memorize. This psalm extols God as the universal King and celebrates His everlasting kingdom. His throne and reign are forever and unchanging from beginning to end. Therefore, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in worship, praising God and giving thanks for His marvelous works.

Praise the Mighty Power of God

　　The introduction of the psalm (vv. 1-2) is like a call to worship. The psalmist, acting as the officiant, gathers and leads the Israelite congregation to worship God as the most glorious King.

At the outset, the psalmist addresses Yahweh as “my God and King,” acknowledging Him as the one true God and great King. He then expresses his resolve to praise His name forever, committing himself to worship and serve Him as an expression of reverence, faith, and devotion (vv. 1-2). (v. 1); “bless,” “praise” (v. 2); “commend,” “declare” (v. 4); “speak of” (see NIV note), “meditate” (v. 5); “speak of,” “declare” (v. 6); “pour forth,” “sing aloud” (v. 7)—to convey their unceasing adoration.

　　The first section (vv. 1-9) points out the reason for praise: God is great. He stands above all Creation, is incomparable, and performs awesome deeds independently; He is worthy of honor and praise. His greatness, wisdom, and might are way beyond human comprehension. Thus, God's people should always sing about His infinite greatness and wonders. The psalmist employs various terms—including “great” (v. 3); “mighty” (v. 4); “glorious splendor,” “majesty, “wondrous works” (v. 5); “the might of your awesome deeds” and “greatness” (v. 6)—to extol God’s wondrous works in Creation and history, where His glory and power are revealed.

In particular, words such as “glorious,” “splendor,” and “majesty” (v. 5) to emphasize God's exalted kingship. He alone is the King of kings and Lord of lords, surpassing all other powers. His majesty and glory inspire awe and submission, prompting people to honor and revere Him and to offer their lives as a sacrifice. Therefore, he calls God's people to proclaim His great mercy and grace, to speak of His grace of redemption, and to pass this testimony from generation to generation, so that praises may pour forth, composing an everlasting symphony (vv. 4-7).

Next, in verse 8, the psalmist recalls God's mighty acts of salvation in history with a specific reference to His abundant love, mercy, and forgiveness. This verse takes the Israelites' exodus from Egypt as a backdrop, recounting how God's righteousness, goodness, and faithfulness were manifested among them as a historical testimony (cf. Ex 34:6). It reminds God's people how they experienced His love and mercy in the past and serves as a witness to His abundant grace. Verse 9 further highlights God's sovereignty over all Creation and His purpose for the world (His redemptive plan), salvation, and providence. It reflects that His grace and mercy extends not only to Israel but also to all nations and peoples, as well as all created beings, thus revealing that God is the Lord of all and the King of the universe!

Today, we must be clear about whom we worship. We worship the Almighty God who rules the universe and possesses supreme power. In worship, we, as God's people, must humbly bow before Him and publicly acknowledge His sovereignty. He is the Lord of our lives, and we must allow His glory to be revealed in us!

Proclaim the Glory of God's Kingdom

At the beginning of the second section (vv. 10-13a), the psalmist calls again the entire congregation to praise God, even inviting all Creation to join in (v. 10), acknowledging Him as the supreme Ruler and eternal King, worthy of honor and worship. Praise is not only based on God's nature and deeds but also on His kingship. The kingdom of God is everlasting, majestic, and powerful, bringing about perfect justice, goodness, and peace. Thus, the psalmist proclaims the glory of God's kingdom and celebrates His universal reign, for He alone is the great King whose authority extends over everything in heaven and on Earth (vv. 11-13).

From generation to generation, God's people have proclaimed His eternal kingdom and declared His victory and authority. God desires His people to bear witness on Earth so that all may know His mighty deeds. Today, His kingship and reign are manifested on Earth in the worship of the church and can be experienced here and now. The church is called to exalt God and proclaim His name., we must live out a life of worship, openly confess our faith, and remain steadfast in our allegiance to God.

Praise the Loving Care of God

In the third section (vv. 13b-21), the psalmist praises God as the faithful, covenant-keeping, merciful, and gracious Lord, expressing profound gratitude for His kindness.

God is the Creator and Ruler of the universe. Every creature depends on Him for existence. He governs, provides for, and sustains the world and all that is in it. His care and providence reveal His love, and all Creation reflects His glory, fulfilling His good will. In short, all of Creation testifies to God's glory and power.

　　God is not only majestic and powerful but also caring and providing for all the needs of His Creation. His grace extends across the Earth and benefits all peoples; all Creation depends on His provision. Therefore, the psalmist repeatedly uses words such as “all” and “every” to emphasize that God's providence encompasses the entire created order. The psalmist uses various terms to describe God's care for humanity and His people, including “upholds,” “raises up” (v. 14); hand," "satisfy the desire" (v. 16); "[be] righteous," "[be] kind" (v. 17); "[be] near to all who call on Him" (v. 18); "fulfills the desire," "hears their cry," "saves them" (v. 19); "preserves all who love Him" and "destroy the wicked" (v. 20).

On the one hand, God treats humanity with justice and mercy, generously providing for their needs so they lack nothing. This demonstrates His love, care, and provision for all people (vv. 14-17). On the other hand, He bestows grace and blessings on those who call upon Him—He hears their prayers, responds to their needs, and protects and delivers His people from evil and danger (vv. 18-20). assurance. His meticulous care and preservation of His people always evoke them to respond to His abundant grace with hearts filled with gratitude and praise.

The goodness and mercy of God have been revealed throughout the ages. Today, as we deeply experience His abundant grace and love, our hearts overflow with joy and satisfaction. We should likewise offer Him our reverence, praise, and gratitude from the depths of our hearts, presenting ourselves to Him so that our spiritual lives may be renewed and revived!

All the World Shall Come and Praise God

　　The conclusion of the psalm (v. 21) echoes its introduction (vv. 1-2). At the climax of worship, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in unison, committing to praising God all their lives, and he further invites every nation and people to join in, coming together to extol God's authority, power, and glory.

As we can see, this song of praise builds step by step, starting from within and gradually extending outward: from the officer's opening declaration, to calling the congregation to join in, and finally to a universal call for all nations and peoples to bow down in worship. Together they offer joyful praise and acclamation, extolling all the works and blessings of God and giving Him glory and praise forevermore!

　　The worship spans from the individual to the community, from Earth to heaven, and even reaches across the entire universe. Today, whenever we offer reverent worship to God, it is as though we are joining the eternal choir in heaven, singing alongside saints of all ages, angels, and heavenly hosts to honor the Most High, partaking a worship that is broader, richer, and everlasting. In other words, church congregations on Earth are closely connected with these celestial worshippers, gathering before God's throne and echoing, "Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God" (Rv 19:1). In worship, we realize that God's kingdom and reign are now among us, enabling us to see His glory and live out a life on Earth “as it is in heaven.”

Conclusion

Psalm 145 highlights God's majesty, power, and His everlasting kingdom. As Sovereign Ruler of the universe, God's greatness, awesomeness, and transcendence deserve praise from all Creation throughout the ages, from eternity to eternity. His governance, protection, grace, and mercy over all Creation reflect that His salvation is not confined to Israel but extends to all nations and peoples. This psalm urges God's people to sing praises to Him from generation to generation, proclaiming His mighty act of salvation and wondrous works, and bearing witness to His presence and glory in the world. God desires His people to reveal His glory so that all may come to know Him and turn to Him.

The next year marks the 75th anniversary of HKBTS. We look forward to gathering choirs from all Baptist churches to participate in the 75th Anniversary Thanksgiving Service and Concert of Praise. Let us sing praises to God as a sacrifice, testifying to His mighty salvation and wondrous works, giving thanks for His great mercy and grace, and showing gratitude for all His kindness, “for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever!”

　　The ultimate meaning of life is to glorify God. May we always remember His abundant grace, guidance, and protection, and offer our lives as living sacrifices, hallowing God in every moment, living a life of worship, and becoming His children pleasing to Him!

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^* All Scripture quotations are taken from the ESV.

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Is there a Protestant Ressourcement?The Perspective of John Webster on Ressourcement Movement and Protestant Theology

CHOW Chun Sing Frankie

The ressourcement movement, which emerged in the mid-twentieth century and profoundly shaped the Second Vatican Council, sought a “return to the sources” that influenced both Catholic and Protestant theological methodologies. This paper examines the distinct approaches to theological method and the concept of tradition in Catholicism and Protestantism through the lens of John B. Webster. By analyzing Webster's framework, this study argues that the theological sources and views of the Bible in that movement diverge significantly. Webster posits that a shared ad fontes of Christianity should be grounded in a proper understanding of the doctrine of God. Additionally, the paper delineates the nuanced distinctions between ressourcement, retrieval, and renaissance, providing a conceptual topography for further theological discourse.

Why Do Young People Choose to Stay in the Church amidst the Exodus?

LAM Chi Yeung

This study examines the phenomenon of youth leaving Hong Kong Chinese churches in the post-pandemic era. Rather than investigating the reasons behind their departure, this research explores why some young people choose to stay. Employing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), the study conducted semi-structured interviews with seven young believers aged 19 to 25, all with over five years of church involvement in various local Chinese churches. Through qualitative analysis of 251 minutes of recorded interviews, six high-level themes emerged: (1) group belonging and support, (2) spiritual life and value construction, (3) service involvement and gift utilization, (4) pastoral relationships and spiritual role models, (5) personal growth opportunities, and (6) intimate relationship with God. Drawing on these findings, the author offers practical recommendations for church leaders, aligned with four Christian education approaches: faith teaching, faith community, spiritual development, and social transformation. This research aims to offer insights for pastors and church leaders to develop ministry strategic planning that addresses youth retention, and helps churches become more supportive of nurturing youth engagement.

The Phenomenon of “De-Churching” and Its Challenges to Hong Kong Churches

LEUNG Kwok Chuen, Nelson

Based on the 2024 Hong Kong Church Survey and the author's personal observations, this article examines the phenomenon of Christian dropout and dechurching in Hong Kong against the backdrop of youth attrition, the emigration-driven diaspora, the shift to online worship, and the impact of social movements. In recent years, new forms of faith communities have emerged. These developments can be categorized into four types: church expansion, church planting, pastoral ministries for dechurched Christians, and business as mission. The growing mission number of dechurched individuals not only challenges the church to re-examine its essence and mission but also presents new opportunities, such as the emergence of “slash pastors” who serve the dechurched. Exploring new church forms fosters discussions on church transformation revival and among congregations. The dechurched and the in-churched are not necessarily in opposition; as the body of Christ, Hong Kong churches should pursue collaboration, address one another's weaknesses, and adjust pastoral approaches and leadership as needed. Ultimately, churches should prioritize cultivating mature disciples and building healthy communities to fulfill the Great Commandment and God's calling.

What is the Church Community? A Theological Reflection from the Perspective of “De-Churching”

Andres S. TANG

This article examines the concept of church community through a theological lens in the light of the emerging trends of “de-congregationalization,” “de-denominationalization,” and “non-churchism” within Chinese churches, particularly in Hong Kong. These movements, reflecting dissatisfaction with traditional church structures, vary in meaning and lack comprehensive empirical support. Rather than offering statistical analysis, the author uses these phenomena as a springboard to rethink the theological essence of the church community.

The discussion categorizes “de-churching” into three forms: (1) “de-congregationalization,” rejecting the constraints of local congregations; (2) “de-denominationalization,” challenging denominational boundaries; and (3) “non-churchism,” advocating personal faith without institutional ties. These trends are linked to the rise of “multi-community Christians” who move freely between churches, signaling a desire to liberate faith from rigid ecclesial structures. The author examines these critiques theologically, drawing on theologians like Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Karl Barth, and John Webster, who emphasize the church as a divinely instituted community rooted in the Trinity's work of creation, fall, and redemption. This perspective rejects the notion of purely individualistic faith and affirms the church as an essential mediator for knowing God.

The article also considers whether believers can freely navigate different denominational traditions, arguing that while traditions are diverse and evolving, they are indispensable for interpreting Scripture and engaging with God's revelation. Finally, it examines whether entire congregations can collectively make decisions, citing Baptist and Quaker models of believer-led governance under the guidance of the Holy Spirit, while cautioning against unstructured democracy that risks undermining divine order.

In conclusion, the author contends that despite calls for “de-churching,” the church—whether local, denominational, or universal—remains a vital instrument of God's grace through preaching and sacraments. This reflection seeks to correct malpractices and reaffirms the church's indispensable role in sustaining Christian life, balancing critique with theological renewal.

The Pauline Communities and the Imagination of “the De-Institutionalized Church”

LEUNG Chun Ho Bernard

This paper explores the contemporary phenomenon of “de-institutionalization of the church,” an emerging movement in response to the post-COVID 19 transformation of Christian communal life in Hong Kong. As online technologies have increasingly enabled believers to transcend the spatial and temporal constraints of traditional congregations, many begin to question the necessity of centralized, synchronous, and pastorally controlled church models. Instead, new forms of Christian practice—characterized by dispersion, autonomy, and decentralized participation—are gaining traction. The study distinguishes “de-institutionalization” from mere “dechurching,” arguing that the former is not a deliberate rejection of church institutions but a natural response to their declining adaptability and authority. Drawing parallels with such movements as the “emerging church” and “liquid church” among evangelicals in Western society, the paper highlights shared emphases on relational networks, participatory structures, and decentralized spiritual leadership.

To provide theoretical grounding, the discussion applies Max Weber's concept of the “routinization of charisma” and the contemporary political-scientific framework of “decentralization” to analyze Pauline churches in the first century. Weber's theory elucidates the transformation from charismatic to traditional or legal authority within early Christian communities, particularly showing how Paul's personal charisma gradually gave way to institutional structures. In contrast, “de-institutionalized” groups today seek to reverse this process by reclaiming vitality, flexibility, personal relationship, and authenticity. The study further investigates the degree of decentralization in Paul's congregations, with special attention to the Corinthian Lord's Supper (1 Cor 11:17-34) and its socio-economic organization. By comparing Pauline communities to Graeco-Roman voluntary associations, the paper identifies egalitarian and participatory patterns ("flat hierarchy") that reflect both political and fiscal decentralization. These features may stimulate the imagination toward models of shared leadership and financial sustainability within the “de-institutionalized” groups.

In sum, “de-institutionalization” is not a call for “anarchy” in the established church today but an invitation to reimagine Christian community beyond bureaucratic and hierarchical limits. Insights from the organizational structures of early Pauline communities and Graeco-Roman voluntary associations offer valuable analogies for revitalizing Christian life today.

Social Identity, the Pentateuch, and Dechurching: A Dialogue

WONG Fook Kong

In the past few years, many believers have left their churches. It has gotten to the point where it becomes an existential threat to local churches. This paper attempts to engage Social Identity Theory, the Pentateuch, and Jim Davis and Michael Graham's The Great Dechurching in a dialogue to explore the phenomenon. Reading the Pentateuch through the lens of social identity shows that both the positive (eg, self-identity) and negative aspects (eg, in-group/out-group competition and conflict) of social identity are operational in the texts. The negative aspects become more and more prominent as we progress along the timeline of the narratives. ways to save his people.

Similar dynamics are happening in today's society. In-group/out-group competitions and conflicts are on the rise. Unfortunately, churches are not spared either and these are some important factors driving the dechurching phenomenon. At the same time, there is also an identity problem. A significant number of Christians do not embrace participation in a local church as part of their identity as Christians. Some prefer to wander from church to church, while others prefer to join online rather than in person. This article argues that belonging to a community has been God's design from the beginning. Moreover, Christians are disciples and not merely consumers. Therefore, participating in the life and ministries of a local church is part of the requirements of being a believer. This also pre-empts perpetual spiritual wandering or online participation as a way of Christian life.

Zhong Chengzhi

陳宇恩

Chaplain, Lecturer of Practical Theology

Returning to the Path of Faith

After graduating from junior college, I received many job opportunities and gained the appreciation of my seniors. I was ambitious and determined to develop my career, but my relationship with God grew increasingly distant. Thank God, He pulled me back down when my career was taking off. An accident injured my left foot, requiring me to stop working for six months. All my professional achievements vanished, but it gave me time to rest quietly and reflect on my life. Looking back on my growth, I realized that God had always bestowed abundant grace upon my life: growing up in the church from a young age, being built up, and receiving love; deciding to believe in the Lord in high school, being reborn, knowing God, and being baptized into Christ. At that moment, I realized that I had sinned against God because I was attracted by the "bright future" before me and had forgotten the Father's abundant grace.

After recovering, I joined the church's college fellowship. The mentor's sharing, the companionship and encouragement of fellow members helped me return to the path of faith and change my old habit of using foul language.

I was called at the beginning of my ministry

From then on, I actively devoted myself to church service, hoping to live a life that pleased the Lord. During one worship service, a thought surfaced in my mind: I had previously ignored God, yet He hadn't given up on me and still allowed me to serve Him. Why did God still seek me when I was so unworthy? Then I clearly heard a sentence: "You're already twenty-one years old, why don't you 'all in' (put everything on God)?" This thought went straight to the depths of my heart, like a soul-searching question. At that moment, I couldn't and didn't have the confidence to respond, but this thought kept echoing in my heart.

My parents are devout Buddhists, and they often clash because of their faith. If they told me I was going to study theology and serve God full-time, I imagined our family would be in constant turmoil. I entrusted this matter to God, asking Him to change my parents' hearts, and invited fellow members of my seminary to pray for their conversion. More than half a year later, on a Sunday afternoon in December 2022, my parents surprisingly converted to Christianity together, and immediately arranged to remove the idols they had worshipped in their home for over thirty years. Since God had opened the way, I decided to take the first step and began searching for seminary course materials.

Confirmed amidst doubt

Just as I was planning to study theology full-time, my girlfriend's father suddenly passed away, a devastating blow to both of us. I was busy helping her with various procedures and rituals while also taking care of her needs. At the time, I felt inexperienced in society and financially unstable, constantly doubting my abilities and even blaming God for this ordeal. To accommodate my girlfriend's potential financial needs, I became more reserved about serving God full-time, and the idea of "all in" gradually faded, yet I felt indebted to God.

In mid-2023, the church organized a short-term mission trip to Taiwan. I hadn't originally planned to participate, but after repeated invitations from deacons and pastors, and after much internal struggle, I finally decided to go. God then led me to an unexpected experience. The last day of the trip was street preaching. I was in a very bad mood that day and didn't actively talk to anyone; I just stood beside my teammates praying. On the way back, we met an elderly woman, and during our conversation, we learned she was also a Christian. We prayed for her, and to our surprise, she suddenly said, "I also want to pray for you." Then she said to me, "You will become a pastor someday." I was a little startled. Later, when I shared this with the other members of the mission trip at the hotel, I remembered the idea of "all in." God had reminded me through a passerby that He was still waiting.

Rediscovering the calling at the camp

Back in Hong Kong, I began searching for direction again. Following the advice of a theology student, I participated in a seminary life experience camp at Hong Kong Baptist Theological Seminary. The final part of the camp involved individual interviews with professors, and Dr. Tang Siu-kwong was the one who interviewed me. He said something that deeply affected me: "It is a grace that God gives you the opportunity to participate in His plan today; if you ignore it, He can find someone else." This prompted me to reflect deeply."What could be more important than serving God?"This time I clearly understand that nothing in life is more important than serving God. My own abilities are not the point; the key is God's calling. There is no need to pave the way for myself; I only need to respond in faith and embark on the journey of God's calling.

I firmly believe that God has always allowed me to experience His truth in things big and small, and that even today, as I am being equipped to become His worker, all of this is inseparable from His grace and plan.I am willing to dedicate my best years to God while I am young, and I hope to give back to and serve my mother church in the future.

The Psalms are a collection of the lsraelites' hymns, containing songs sung by individuals and congregations during worship. Throughout the ages, God's people have expressed their love and reverence through worship, praise, supplication, and thanksgiving to the glory of God. These hymns are rich in content, focusing on God's attributes and works, including His Creation, sovereignty, redemptive history, protection, and providence. By declaring God's works, the Psalms reveal His nature, showcase His greatness, power, righteousness, and mercy, and remind God's people that He is the Lord of all and the eternal King. As they join together to honor and praise Him, His kingdom is manifested on Earth!

Psalm 145 is an acrostic poem in which each verse begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its orderly structure makes it easy for readers to memorize. This psalm extols God as the universal King and celebrates His everlasting kingdom. His throne and reign are forever and unchanging from beginning to end. Therefore, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in worship, praising God and giving thanks for His marvelous works.

Praise the Mighty Power of God

　　The introduction of the psalm (vv. 1-2) is like a call to worship. The psalmist, acting as the officiant, gathers and leads the Israelite congregation to worship God as the most glorious King.

At the outset, the psalmist addresses Yahweh as “my God and King,” acknowledging Him as the one true God and great King. He then expresses his resolve to praise His name forever, committing himself to worship and serve Him as an expression of reverence, faith, and devotion (vv. 1-2). (v. 1); “bless,” “praise” (v. 2); “commend,” “declare” (v. 4); “speak of” (see NIV note), “meditate” (v. 5); “speak of,” “declare” (v. 6); “pour forth,” “sing aloud” (v. 7)—to convey their unceasing adoration.

　　The first section (vv. 1-9) points out the reason for praise: God is great. He stands above all Creation, is incomparable, and performs awesome deeds independently; He is worthy of honor and praise. His greatness, wisdom, and might are way beyond human comprehension. Thus, God's people should always sing about His infinite greatness and wonders. The psalmist employs various terms—including “great” (v. 3); “mighty” (v. 4); “glorious splendor,” “majesty, “wondrous works” (v. 5); “the might of your awesome deeds” and “greatness” (v. 6)—to extol God’s wondrous works in Creation and history, where His glory and power are revealed.

In particular, words such as “glorious,” “splendor,” and “majesty” (v. 5) to emphasize God's exalted kingship. He alone is the King of kings and Lord of lords, surpassing all other powers. His majesty and glory inspire awe and submission, prompting people to honor and revere Him and to offer their lives as a sacrifice. Therefore, he calls God's people to proclaim His great mercy and grace, to speak of His grace of redemption, and to pass this testimony from generation to generation, so that praises may pour forth, composing an everlasting symphony (vv. 4-7).

Next, in verse 8, the psalmist recalls God's mighty acts of salvation in history with a specific reference to His abundant love, mercy, and forgiveness. This verse takes the Israelites' exodus from Egypt as a backdrop, recounting how God's righteousness, goodness, and faithfulness were manifested among them as a historical testimony (cf. Ex 34:6). It reminds God's people how they experienced His love and mercy in the past and serves as a witness to His abundant grace. Verse 9 further highlights God's sovereignty over all Creation and His purpose for the world (His redemptive plan), salvation, and providence. It reflects that His grace and mercy extends not only to Israel but also to all nations and peoples, as well as all created beings, thus revealing that God is the Lord of all and the King of the universe!

Today, we must be clear about whom we worship. We worship the Almighty God who rules the universe and possesses supreme power. In worship, we, as God's people, must humbly bow before Him and publicly acknowledge His sovereignty. He is the Lord of our lives, and we must allow His glory to be revealed in us!

Proclaim the Glory of God's Kingdom

At the beginning of the second section (vv. 10-13a), the psalmist calls again the entire congregation to praise God, even inviting all Creation to join in (v. 10), acknowledging Him as the supreme Ruler and eternal King, worthy of honor and worship. Praise is not only based on God's nature and deeds but also on His kingship. The kingdom of God is everlasting, majestic, and powerful, bringing about perfect justice, goodness, and peace. Thus, the psalmist proclaims the glory of God's kingdom and celebrates His universal reign, for He alone is the great King whose authority extends over everything in heaven and on Earth (vv. 11-13).

From generation to generation, God's people have proclaimed His eternal kingdom and declared His victory and authority. God desires His people to bear witness on Earth so that all may know His mighty deeds. Today, His kingship and reign are manifested on Earth in the worship of the church and can be experienced here and now. The church is called to exalt God and proclaim His name., we must live out a life of worship, openly confess our faith, and remain steadfast in our allegiance to God.

Praise the Loving Care of God

In the third section (vv. 13b-21), the psalmist praises God as the faithful, covenant-keeping, merciful, and gracious Lord, expressing profound gratitude for His kindness.

God is the Creator and Ruler of the universe. Every creature depends on Him for existence. He governs, provides for, and sustains the world and all that is in it. His care and providence reveal His love, and all Creation reflects His glory, fulfilling His good will. In short, all of Creation testifies to God's glory and power.

　　God is not only majestic and powerful but also caring and providing for all the needs of His Creation. His grace extends across the Earth and benefits all peoples; all Creation depends on His provision. Therefore, the psalmist repeatedly uses words such as “all” and “every” to emphasize that God's providence encompasses the entire created order. The psalmist uses various terms to describe God's care for humanity and His people, including “upholds,” “raises up” (v. 14); hand," "satisfy the desire" (v. 16); "[be] righteous," "[be] kind" (v. 17); "[be] near to all who call on Him" (v. 18); "fulfills the desire," "hears their cry," "saves them" (v. 19); "preserves all who love Him" and "destroy the wicked" (v. 20).

On the one hand, God treats humanity with justice and mercy, generously providing for their needs so they lack nothing. This demonstrates His love, care, and provision for all people (vv. 14-17). On the other hand, He bestows grace and blessings on those who call upon Him—He hears their prayers, responds to their needs, and protects and delivers His people from evil and danger (vv. 18-20). assurance. His meticulous care and preservation of His people always evoke them to respond to His abundant grace with hearts filled with gratitude and praise.

The goodness and mercy of God have been revealed throughout the ages. Today, as we deeply experience His abundant grace and love, our hearts overflow with joy and satisfaction. We should likewise offer Him our reverence, praise, and gratitude from the depths of our hearts, presenting ourselves to Him so that our spiritual lives may be renewed and revived!

All the World Shall Come and Praise God

　　The conclusion of the psalm (v. 21) echoes its introduction (vv. 1-2). At the climax of worship, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in unison, committing to praising God all their lives, and he further invites every nation and people to join in, coming together to extol God's authority, power, and glory.

As we can see, this song of praise builds step by step, starting from within and gradually extending outward: from the officer's opening declaration, to calling the congregation to join in, and finally to a universal call for all nations and peoples to bow down in worship. Together they offer joyful praise and acclamation, extolling all the works and blessings of God and giving Him glory and praise forevermore!

　　The worship spans from the individual to the community, from Earth to heaven, and even reaches across the entire universe. Today, whenever we offer reverent worship to God, it is as though we are joining the eternal choir in heaven, singing alongside saints of all ages, angels, and heavenly hosts to honor the Most High, partaking a worship that is broader, richer, and everlasting. In other words, church congregations on Earth are closely connected with these celestial worshippers, gathering before God's throne and echoing, "Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God" (Rv 19:1). In worship, we realize that God's kingdom and reign are now among us, enabling us to see His glory and live out a life on Earth “as it is in heaven.”

Conclusion

Psalm 145 highlights God's majesty, power, and His everlasting kingdom. As Sovereign Ruler of the universe, God's greatness, awesomeness, and transcendence deserve praise from all Creation throughout the ages, from eternity to eternity. His governance, protection, grace, and mercy over all Creation reflect that His salvation is not confined to Israel but extends to all nations and peoples. This psalm urges God's people to sing praises to Him from generation to generation, proclaiming His mighty act of salvation and wondrous works, and bearing witness to His presence and glory in the world. God desires His people to reveal His glory so that all may come to know Him and turn to Him.

The next year marks the 75th anniversary of HKBTS. We look forward to gathering choirs from all Baptist churches to participate in the 75th Anniversary Thanksgiving Service and Concert of Praise. Let us sing praises to God as a sacrifice, testifying to His mighty salvation and wondrous works, giving thanks for His great mercy and grace, and showing gratitude for all His kindness, “for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever!”

　　The ultimate meaning of life is to glorify God. May we always remember His abundant grace, guidance, and protection, and offer our lives as living sacrifices, hallowing God in every moment, living a life of worship, and becoming His children pleasing to Him!

____________________________________________

^* All Scripture quotations are taken from the ESV.

Zhang Leheng

M. Div 1

陳宇恩

Chaplain, Lecturer of Practical Theology

Experiencing the Lord's Love

I grew up in a Christian primary school, listening to my teachers explain the Bible. From then on, I simply believed in God and obeyed Him. Later, someone introduced me to church worship services, which began my church life. But at that time, I only attended worship services, and later, after studying abroad for many years, my relationship with the church was not close.

In October 2016, I returned to Hong Kong after graduating from university, and my grandfather passed away peacefully in the Lord's embrace. I was very saddened, but when the pastor expressed his condolences and care on behalf of the church, I immediately felt God's love, which made me long to respond and seek Him. Afterwards, I joined the church fellowship and truly felt the love of the brothers and sisters in the Lord, and pursued spiritual growth with them.

Awaken the heart of mission

At the end of 2018, at the invitation of two brothers, I went to Myanmar to serve. This ministry was like an eye-opener, making me understand the faith more, experience the spiritual life more deeply, and making the flower of longing for the Great Commission of spreading the gospel bloom in my heart.

Thanks be to God, several years have passed, but my sincerity has not faded, and I always keep the ministry of the Grace Church in Myanmar in mind. In the summer of 2023, I visited the church for the third time. In addition to visiting the co-workers, children and other brothers and sisters, I also took the opportunity to learn about the status of the library that I had previously established and to participate in Grace's expansion plan.

Both then and now, the situation in Myanmar is heartbreaking. Since the military regained control, the country has been engulfed in constant warfare, and its people have been displaced. Hospitals are without doctors, schools are without teachers, and the people have lost all hope—a truly tragic situation! On my recent return to En Ying, my heart was deeply moved, and I saw so many lives lacking and in need of blessing. The electronic keyboard in the church had never worked; the girls' dormitory didn't even have a fan, making summer nights unbearably hot. Upon learning this, I immediately went to buy one, hoping it would improve their lives. Although this help may be limited, I could only do my best.

The children's kind hearts touched me once again. They were eager to learn about Chinese literature, so I helped them by guiding them through Su Shi's "Prelude to Water Melody" and Li Yu's "To the Tune of Yu Meiren." Seeing their satisfied faces made even the sweat I shed that night worthwhile. This reminded me to maintain a pure and kind heart every day, and to reflect on how God values our inner selves. It made me ask myself: Do we truly have a simple and humble heart to follow the Lord?

I visited several impoverished families. Although they were poor, and their homes were practically uninhabitable for Hong Kong people, the sight of them singing hymns and worshipping God from the bottom of their hearts that evening brought tears to my eyes. I also visited a newly established primary school in the suburbs. Although it was run by a church, there were even young monks attending. I hope the Lord will grant grace to that place and lead more teachers to come and teach.

The sheer number and abundance of ministry work made me deeply aware that there was so much to harvest but so few people to do the work. After returning to Hong Kong that time, I shared my experiences at various churches, hoping that more believers would understand Graceful Abundance, be willing to give, pray fervently, and together bless the churches in Myanmar.

Committed to the Vision of Mission

Through my ministry in Myanmar, God has given me a vision for missionary work. I pray that God will grant me His heart to see those who are lacking and persecuted, and that He will not only enable me to sincerely worship Him, but also to lead people of all nations and peoples to know Him.Even if a lifetime of missionary work yields only meager results, how wonderful it would be if it could lead us, all created beings, into the fellowship of the Triune Creator, and sing praises aloud!

On August 9, 2024, I turned thirty. I am grateful that I was in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, participating in a short-term mission trip at the time. Under the guidance of Pastors Tang Rongmin and Zhong Zhiguang, I felt particularly moved at turning thirty.I ask the Lord, what gifts have He bestowed upon me? I ask again, youth has passed, why not tighten your belt and set out, why wait until old age?Therefore, I resolved to respond to the Lord's call, enter the seminary to be equipped, and hope to be used by Him.

Lord, though I am weak and lacking, I ask for Your grace and love, that You send me and use me. I wish to follow You all my life! Amen!

The Psalms are a collection of the lsraelites' hymns, containing songs sung by individuals and congregations during worship. Throughout the ages, God's people have expressed their love and reverence through worship, praise, supplication, and thanksgiving to the glory of God. These hymns are rich in content, focusing on God's attributes and works, including His Creation, sovereignty, redemptive history, protection, and providence. By declaring God's works, the Psalms reveal His nature, showcase His greatness, power, righteousness, and mercy, and remind God's people that He is the Lord of all and the eternal King. As they join together to honor and praise Him, His kingdom is manifested on Earth!

Psalm 145 is an acrostic poem in which each verse begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its orderly structure makes it easy for readers to memorize. This psalm extols God as the universal King and celebrates His everlasting kingdom. His throne and reign are forever and unchanging from beginning to end. Therefore, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in worship, praising God and giving thanks for His marvelous works.

Praise the Mighty Power of God

　　The introduction of the psalm (vv. 1-2) is like a call to worship. The psalmist, acting as the officiant, gathers and leads the Israelite congregation to worship God as the most glorious King.

At the outset, the psalmist addresses Yahweh as “my God and King,” acknowledging Him as the one true God and great King. He then expresses his resolve to praise His name forever, committing himself to worship and serve Him as an expression of reverence, faith, and devotion (vv. 1-2). (v. 1); “bless,” “praise” (v. 2); “commend,” “declare” (v. 4); “speak of” (see NIV note), “meditate” (v. 5); “speak of,” “declare” (v. 6); “pour forth,” “sing aloud” (v. 7)—to convey their unceasing adoration.

　　The first section (vv. 1-9) points out the reason for praise: God is great. He stands above all Creation, is incomparable, and performs awesome deeds independently; He is worthy of honor and praise. His greatness, wisdom, and might are way beyond human comprehension. Thus, God's people should always sing about His infinite greatness and wonders. The psalmist employs various terms—including “great” (v. 3); “mighty” (v. 4); “glorious splendor,” “majesty, “wondrous works” (v. 5); “the might of your awesome deeds” and “greatness” (v. 6)—to extol God’s wondrous works in Creation and history, where His glory and power are revealed.

In particular, words such as “glorious,” “splendor,” and “majesty” (v. 5) to emphasize God's exalted kingship. He alone is the King of kings and Lord of lords, surpassing all other powers. His majesty and glory inspire awe and submission, prompting people to honor and revere Him and to offer their lives as a sacrifice. Therefore, he calls God's people to proclaim His great mercy and grace, to speak of His grace of redemption, and to pass this testimony from generation to generation, so that praises may pour forth, composing an everlasting symphony (vv. 4-7).

Next, in verse 8, the psalmist recalls God's mighty acts of salvation in history with a specific reference to His abundant love, mercy, and forgiveness. This verse takes the Israelites' exodus from Egypt as a backdrop, recounting how God's righteousness, goodness, and faithfulness were manifested among them as a historical testimony (cf. Ex 34:6). It reminds God's people how they experienced His love and mercy in the past and serves as a witness to His abundant grace. Verse 9 further highlights God's sovereignty over all Creation and His purpose for the world (His redemptive plan), salvation, and providence. It reflects that His grace and mercy extends not only to Israel but also to all nations and peoples, as well as all created beings, thus revealing that God is the Lord of all and the King of the universe!

Today, we must be clear about whom we worship. We worship the Almighty God who rules the universe and possesses supreme power. In worship, we, as God's people, must humbly bow before Him and publicly acknowledge His sovereignty. He is the Lord of our lives, and we must allow His glory to be revealed in us!

Proclaim the Glory of God's Kingdom

At the beginning of the second section (vv. 10-13a), the psalmist calls again the entire congregation to praise God, even inviting all Creation to join in (v. 10), acknowledging Him as the supreme Ruler and eternal King, worthy of honor and worship. Praise is not only based on God's nature and deeds but also on His kingship. The kingdom of God is everlasting, majestic, and powerful, bringing about perfect justice, goodness, and peace. Thus, the psalmist proclaims the glory of God's kingdom and celebrates His universal reign, for He alone is the great King whose authority extends over everything in heaven and on Earth (vv. 11-13).

From generation to generation, God's people have proclaimed His eternal kingdom and declared His victory and authority. God desires His people to bear witness on Earth so that all may know His mighty deeds. Today, His kingship and reign are manifested on Earth in the worship of the church and can be experienced here and now. The church is called to exalt God and proclaim His name., we must live out a life of worship, openly confess our faith, and remain steadfast in our allegiance to God.

Praise the Loving Care of God

In the third section (vv. 13b-21), the psalmist praises God as the faithful, covenant-keeping, merciful, and gracious Lord, expressing profound gratitude for His kindness.

God is the Creator and Ruler of the universe. Every creature depends on Him for existence. He governs, provides for, and sustains the world and all that is in it. His care and providence reveal His love, and all Creation reflects His glory, fulfilling His good will. In short, all of Creation testifies to God's glory and power.

　　God is not only majestic and powerful but also caring and providing for all the needs of His Creation. His grace extends across the Earth and benefits all peoples; all Creation depends on His provision. Therefore, the psalmist repeatedly uses words such as “all” and “every” to emphasize that God's providence encompasses the entire created order. The psalmist uses various terms to describe God's care for humanity and His people, including “upholds,” “raises up” (v. 14); hand," "satisfy the desire" (v. 16); "[be] righteous," "[be] kind" (v. 17); "[be] near to all who call on Him" (v. 18); "fulfills the desire," "hears their cry," "saves them" (v. 19); "preserves all who love Him" and "destroy the wicked" (v. 20).

On the one hand, God treats humanity with justice and mercy, generously providing for their needs so they lack nothing. This demonstrates His love, care, and provision for all people (vv. 14-17). On the other hand, He bestows grace and blessings on those who call upon Him—He hears their prayers, responds to their needs, and protects and delivers His people from evil and danger (vv. 18-20). assurance. His meticulous care and preservation of His people always evoke them to respond to His abundant grace with hearts filled with gratitude and praise.

The goodness and mercy of God have been revealed throughout the ages. Today, as we deeply experience His abundant grace and love, our hearts overflow with joy and satisfaction. We should likewise offer Him our reverence, praise, and gratitude from the depths of our hearts, presenting ourselves to Him so that our spiritual lives may be renewed and revived!

All the World Shall Come and Praise God

　　The conclusion of the psalm (v. 21) echoes its introduction (vv. 1-2). At the climax of worship, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in unison, committing to praising God all their lives, and he further invites every nation and people to join in, coming together to extol God's authority, power, and glory.

As we can see, this song of praise builds step by step, starting from within and gradually extending outward: from the officer's opening declaration, to calling the congregation to join in, and finally to a universal call for all nations and peoples to bow down in worship. Together they offer joyful praise and acclamation, extolling all the works and blessings of God and giving Him glory and praise forevermore!

　　The worship spans from the individual to the community, from Earth to heaven, and even reaches across the entire universe. Today, whenever we offer reverent worship to God, it is as though we are joining the eternal choir in heaven, singing alongside saints of all ages, angels, and heavenly hosts to honor the Most High, partaking a worship that is broader, richer, and everlasting. In other words, church congregations on Earth are closely connected with these celestial worshippers, gathering before God's throne and echoing, "Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God" (Rv 19:1). In worship, we realize that God's kingdom and reign are now among us, enabling us to see His glory and live out a life on Earth “as it is in heaven.”

Conclusion

Psalm 145 highlights God's majesty, power, and His everlasting kingdom. As Sovereign Ruler of the universe, God's greatness, awesomeness, and transcendence deserve praise from all Creation throughout the ages, from eternity to eternity. His governance, protection, grace, and mercy over all Creation reflect that His salvation is not confined to Israel but extends to all nations and peoples. This psalm urges God's people to sing praises to Him from generation to generation, proclaiming His mighty act of salvation and wondrous works, and bearing witness to His presence and glory in the world. God desires His people to reveal His glory so that all may come to know Him and turn to Him.

The next year marks the 75th anniversary of HKBTS. We look forward to gathering choirs from all Baptist churches to participate in the 75th Anniversary Thanksgiving Service and Concert of Praise. Let us sing praises to God as a sacrifice, testifying to His mighty salvation and wondrous works, giving thanks for His great mercy and grace, and showing gratitude for all His kindness, “for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever!”

　　The ultimate meaning of life is to glorify God. May we always remember His abundant grace, guidance, and protection, and offer our lives as living sacrifices, hallowing God in every moment, living a life of worship, and becoming His children pleasing to Him!

____________________________________________

^* All Scripture quotations are taken from the ESV.

Wu Wanqi

陳宇恩

Chaplain, Lecturer of Practical Theology

Stumbling and bumbling, exploring the call to life

In 2010, before I became a believer, my grandmother fell into a coma due to heart disease. A good friend who was a believer led me in prayer. During prayer, I felt an inexplicable peace; God answered my prayers, and my grandmother awoke after surgery. So, during my high school evangelistic day camp, I decided to become a believer and actively participated in church services. Later, God led me to serve in music, becoming the organist for the fellowship and church. Initially, I only wanted to dedicate music to God, but in my service, I gradually understood that music can touch hearts and convey God's word.

In 2014, at a revival meeting, I was called to serve the Hong Kong healthcare system, to become a nurse, and to save patients' lives. After that, I enrolled in the nursing department at university, but during my first year of internship, I saw a patient I had cared for pass away, and I asked myself, "Did she really find peace after she left?" That sense of powerlessness deeply hurt me.

In 2018, unable to bear the pressure of the nursing department, I resolutely transferred to the Faculty of Arts to study cultural studies. This change left me feeling powerless and inferior, as if I had failed to fulfill God's calling me to become a nurse. To meet graduation requirements, I had almost no social life, focusing solely on studying, often complaining, "Why am I such a failure?" My faith gradually cooled. But God used the general philosophy course in university to make me rethink: in the face of seemingly profound human thoughts, human wisdom is no match for God's. Only one voice echoed in my heart: I long to continue to know this one true God.

After graduation, I worked as a teacher in an educational institution, accompanying students through public exams and sharing with them how God was guiding me. Their achievements and growth gave me satisfaction, even leading me to believe it was another calling from God. However, every time I left the classroom, a sense of emptiness and powerlessness lingered. I repeatedly asked myself, "Have my students truly found direction in life?"

Lord opens the way, I follow you wholeheartedly

It wasn't until 2023, when God made me a trainee pastor in the church, that I truly understood the weight of pastoral care. Once, while leading a Bible study, I had a profound realization: "How can I shepherd the flock if God's word is not on my lips?"At that moment I understood that shepherding is not based on experience or skills, but on the word of God.Recognizing my own inadequacy is precisely the time for God to work. I began enrolling in equipping courses, attending prayer meetings, and relearning to follow God's will.

In March 2025, on Theological Sunday, God called me through John 21:15, asking me again and again, "Do you love me more than these?" This question deeply touched me. After talking with the pastor, I made up my mind and decided to dedicate myself fully to God and enroll in Hong Kong Baptist Theological Seminary. God also confirmed my decision—my non-believing parents fully supported me, and my mother even attended my opening ceremony, letting me know that God had given me all the "green lights."

Today, I enter seminary with a firm and clear mind. God has placed two burdens in my heart: First, for young people—especially high school students—who face many emotional struggles, and I long to walk alongside them, leading them to experience Jesus as their true reliance. Second, for church unity—I see tension in the church often caused by misunderstandings, and I wish to be a bridge between pastors and members, promoting unity and enabling the church to grow healthily.

I often ask myself, "What kind of preacher do I want to be?" I still don't have an answer.But thinking of the countless blessings God has bestowed upon me, how can I not live for Him? I am willing to dedicate myself and spend my life showing people what God has done for me.I long to be equipped not only academically at the seminary, but also spiritually shaped, so that I may become a faithful shepherd and worker who is devoted to the truth. This is not because I have anything to boast about, but because I have received immense grace.

May God continue to use me, enabling me to serve Him faithfully throughout my life. May all glory belong to the God I love!

The Psalms are a collection of the lsraelites' hymns, containing songs sung by individuals and congregations during worship. Throughout the ages, God's people have expressed their love and reverence through worship, praise, supplication, and thanksgiving to the glory of God. These hymns are rich in content, focusing on God's attributes and works, including His Creation, sovereignty, redemptive history, protection, and providence. By declaring God's works, the Psalms reveal His nature, showcase His greatness, power, righteousness, and mercy, and remind God's people that He is the Lord of all and the eternal King. As they join together to honor and praise Him, His kingdom is manifested on Earth!

Psalm 145 is an acrostic poem in which each verse begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its orderly structure makes it easy for readers to memorize. This psalm extols God as the universal King and celebrates His everlasting kingdom. His throne and reign are forever and unchanging from beginning to end. Therefore, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in worship, praising God and giving thanks for His marvelous works.

Praise the Mighty Power of God

　　The introduction of the psalm (vv. 1-2) is like a call to worship. The psalmist, acting as the officiant, gathers and leads the Israelite congregation to worship God as the most glorious King.

At the outset, the psalmist addresses Yahweh as “my God and King,” acknowledging Him as the one true God and great King. He then expresses his resolve to praise His name forever, committing himself to worship and serve Him as an expression of reverence, faith, and devotion (vv. 1-2). (v. 1); “bless,” “praise” (v. 2); “commend,” “declare” (v. 4); “speak of” (see NIV note), “meditate” (v. 5); “speak of,” “declare” (v. 6); “pour forth,” “sing aloud” (v. 7)—to convey their unceasing adoration.

　　The first section (vv. 1-9) points out the reason for praise: God is great. He stands above all Creation, is incomparable, and performs awesome deeds independently; He is worthy of honor and praise. His greatness, wisdom, and might are way beyond human comprehension. Thus, God's people should always sing about His infinite greatness and wonders. The psalmist employs various terms—including “great” (v. 3); “mighty” (v. 4); “glorious splendor,” “majesty, “wondrous works” (v. 5); “the might of your awesome deeds” and “greatness” (v. 6)—to extol God’s wondrous works in Creation and history, where His glory and power are revealed.

In particular, words such as “glorious,” “splendor,” and “majesty” (v. 5) to emphasize God's exalted kingship. He alone is the King of kings and Lord of lords, surpassing all other powers. His majesty and glory inspire awe and submission, prompting people to honor and revere Him and to offer their lives as a sacrifice. Therefore, he calls God's people to proclaim His great mercy and grace, to speak of His grace of redemption, and to pass this testimony from generation to generation, so that praises may pour forth, composing an everlasting symphony (vv. 4-7).

Next, in verse 8, the psalmist recalls God's mighty acts of salvation in history with a specific reference to His abundant love, mercy, and forgiveness. This verse takes the Israelites' exodus from Egypt as a backdrop, recounting how God's righteousness, goodness, and faithfulness were manifested among them as a historical testimony (cf. Ex 34:6). It reminds God's people how they experienced His love and mercy in the past and serves as a witness to His abundant grace. Verse 9 further highlights God's sovereignty over all Creation and His purpose for the world (His redemptive plan), salvation, and providence. It reflects that His grace and mercy extends not only to Israel but also to all nations and peoples, as well as all created beings, thus revealing that God is the Lord of all and the King of the universe!

Today, we must be clear about whom we worship. We worship the Almighty God who rules the universe and possesses supreme power. In worship, we, as God's people, must humbly bow before Him and publicly acknowledge His sovereignty. He is the Lord of our lives, and we must allow His glory to be revealed in us!

Proclaim the Glory of God's Kingdom

At the beginning of the second section (vv. 10-13a), the psalmist calls again the entire congregation to praise God, even inviting all Creation to join in (v. 10), acknowledging Him as the supreme Ruler and eternal King, worthy of honor and worship. Praise is not only based on God's nature and deeds but also on His kingship. The kingdom of God is everlasting, majestic, and powerful, bringing about perfect justice, goodness, and peace. Thus, the psalmist proclaims the glory of God's kingdom and celebrates His universal reign, for He alone is the great King whose authority extends over everything in heaven and on Earth (vv. 11-13).

From generation to generation, God's people have proclaimed His eternal kingdom and declared His victory and authority. God desires His people to bear witness on Earth so that all may know His mighty deeds. Today, His kingship and reign are manifested on Earth in the worship of the church and can be experienced here and now. The church is called to exalt God and proclaim His name., we must live out a life of worship, openly confess our faith, and remain steadfast in our allegiance to God.

Praise the Loving Care of God

In the third section (vv. 13b-21), the psalmist praises God as the faithful, covenant-keeping, merciful, and gracious Lord, expressing profound gratitude for His kindness.

God is the Creator and Ruler of the universe. Every creature depends on Him for existence. He governs, provides for, and sustains the world and all that is in it. His care and providence reveal His love, and all Creation reflects His glory, fulfilling His good will. In short, all of Creation testifies to God's glory and power.

　　God is not only majestic and powerful but also caring and providing for all the needs of His Creation. His grace extends across the Earth and benefits all peoples; all Creation depends on His provision. Therefore, the psalmist repeatedly uses words such as “all” and “every” to emphasize that God's providence encompasses the entire created order. The psalmist uses various terms to describe God's care for humanity and His people, including “upholds,” “raises up” (v. 14); hand," "satisfy the desire" (v. 16); "[be] righteous," "[be] kind" (v. 17); "[be] near to all who call on Him" (v. 18); "fulfills the desire," "hears their cry," "saves them" (v. 19); "preserves all who love Him" and "destroy the wicked" (v. 20).

On the one hand, God treats humanity with justice and mercy, generously providing for their needs so they lack nothing. This demonstrates His love, care, and provision for all people (vv. 14-17). On the other hand, He bestows grace and blessings on those who call upon Him—He hears their prayers, responds to their needs, and protects and delivers His people from evil and danger (vv. 18-20). assurance. His meticulous care and preservation of His people always evoke them to respond to His abundant grace with hearts filled with gratitude and praise.

The goodness and mercy of God have been revealed throughout the ages. Today, as we deeply experience His abundant grace and love, our hearts overflow with joy and satisfaction. We should likewise offer Him our reverence, praise, and gratitude from the depths of our hearts, presenting ourselves to Him so that our spiritual lives may be renewed and revived!

All the World Shall Come and Praise God

　　The conclusion of the psalm (v. 21) echoes its introduction (vv. 1-2). At the climax of worship, the psalmist leads the entire congregation in unison, committing to praising God all their lives, and he further invites every nation and people to join in, coming together to extol God's authority, power, and glory.

As we can see, this song of praise builds step by step, starting from within and gradually extending outward: from the officer's opening declaration, to calling the congregation to join in, and finally to a universal call for all nations and peoples to bow down in worship. Together they offer joyful praise and acclamation, extolling all the works and blessings of God and giving Him glory and praise forevermore!

　　The worship spans from the individual to the community, from Earth to heaven, and even reaches across the entire universe. Today, whenever we offer reverent worship to God, it is as though we are joining the eternal choir in heaven, singing alongside saints of all ages, angels, and heavenly hosts to honor the Most High, partaking a worship that is broader, richer, and everlasting. In other words, church congregations on Earth are closely connected with these celestial worshippers, gathering before God's throne and echoing, "Hallelujah! Salvation and glory and power belong to our God" (Rv 19:1). In worship, we realize that God's kingdom and reign are now among us, enabling us to see His glory and live out a life on Earth “as it is in heaven.”

Conclusion

Psalm 145 highlights God's majesty, power, and His everlasting kingdom. As Sovereign Ruler of the universe, God's greatness, awesomeness, and transcendence deserve praise from all Creation throughout the ages, from eternity to eternity. His governance, protection, grace, and mercy over all Creation reflect that His salvation is not confined to Israel but extends to all nations and peoples. This psalm urges God's people to sing praises to Him from generation to generation, proclaiming His mighty act of salvation and wondrous works, and bearing witness to His presence and glory in the world. God desires His people to reveal His glory so that all may come to know Him and turn to Him.

The next year marks the 75th anniversary of HKBTS. We look forward to gathering choirs from all Baptist churches to participate in the 75th Anniversary Thanksgiving Service and Concert of Praise. Let us sing praises to God as a sacrifice, testifying to His mighty salvation and wondrous works, giving thanks for His great mercy and grace, and showing gratitude for all His kindness, “for he is good, for his steadfast love endures forever!”

　　The ultimate meaning of life is to glorify God. May we always remember His abundant grace, guidance, and protection, and offer our lives as living sacrifices, hallowing God in every moment, living a life of worship, and becoming His children pleasing to Him!

____________________________________________

^* All Scripture quotations are taken from the ESV.

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Is there a Protestant Ressourcement?The Perspective of John Webster on Ressourcement Movement and Protestant Theology

CHOW Chun Sing Frankie

The ressourcement movement, which emerged in the mid-twentieth century and profoundly shaped the Second Vatican Council, sought a “return to the sources” that influenced both Catholic and Protestant theological methodologies. This paper examines the distinct approaches to theological method and the concept of tradition in Catholicism and Protestantism through the lens of John B. Webster. By analyzing Webster's framework, this study argues that the theological sources and views of the Bible in that movement diverge significantly. Webster posits that a shared ad fontes of Christianity should be grounded in a proper understanding of the doctrine of God. Additionally, the paper delineates the nuanced distinctions between ressourcement, retrieval, and renaissance, providing a conceptual topography for further theological discourse.

Why Do Young People Choose to Stay in the Church amidst the Exodus?

LAM Chi Yeung

This study examines the phenomenon of youth leaving Hong Kong Chinese churches in the post-pandemic era. Rather than investigating the reasons behind their departure, this research explores why some young people choose to stay. Employing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), the study conducted semi-structured interviews with seven young believers aged 19 to 25, all with over five years of church involvement in various local Chinese churches. Through qualitative analysis of 251 minutes of recorded interviews, six high-level themes emerged: (1) group belonging and support, (2) spiritual life and value construction, (3) service involvement and gift utilization, (4) pastoral relationships and spiritual role models, (5) personal growth opportunities, and (6) intimate relationship with God. Drawing on these findings, the author offers practical recommendations for church leaders, aligned with four Christian education approaches: faith teaching, faith community, spiritual development, and social transformation. This research aims to offer insights for pastors and church leaders to develop ministry strategic planning that addresses youth retention, and helps churches become more supportive of nurturing youth engagement.

The Phenomenon of “De-Churching” and Its Challenges to Hong Kong Churches

LEUNG Kwok Chuen, Nelson

Based on the 2024 Hong Kong Church Survey and the author's personal observations, this article examines the phenomenon of Christian dropout and dechurching in Hong Kong against the backdrop of youth attrition, the emigration-driven diaspora, the shift to online worship, and the impact of social movements. In recent years, new forms of faith communities have emerged. These developments can be categorized into four types: church expansion, church planting, pastoral ministries for dechurched Christians, and business as mission. The growing mission number of dechurched individuals not only challenges the church to re-examine its essence and mission but also presents new opportunities, such as the emergence of “slash pastors” who serve the dechurched. Exploring new church forms fosters discussions on church transformation revival and among congregations. The dechurched and the in-churched are not necessarily in opposition; as the body of Christ, Hong Kong churches should pursue collaboration, address one another's weaknesses, and adjust pastoral approaches and leadership as needed. Ultimately, churches should prioritize cultivating mature disciples and building healthy communities to fulfill the Great Commandment and God's calling.

What is the Church Community? A Theological Reflection from the Perspective of “De-Churching”

Andres S. TANG

This article examines the concept of church community through a theological lens in the light of the emerging trends of “de-congregationalization,” “de-denominationalization,” and “non-churchism” within Chinese churches, particularly in Hong Kong. These movements, reflecting dissatisfaction with traditional church structures, vary in meaning and lack comprehensive empirical support. Rather than offering statistical analysis, the author uses these phenomena as a springboard to rethink the theological essence of the church community.

The discussion categorizes “de-churching” into three forms: (1) “de-congregationalization,” rejecting the constraints of local congregations; (2) “de-denominationalization,” challenging denominational boundaries; and (3) “non-churchism,” advocating personal faith without institutional ties. These trends are linked to the rise of “multi-community Christians” who move freely between churches, signaling a desire to liberate faith from rigid ecclesial structures. The author examines these critiques theologically, drawing on theologians like Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Karl Barth, and John Webster, who emphasize the church as a divinely instituted community rooted in the Trinity's work of creation, fall, and redemption. This perspective rejects the notion of purely individualistic faith and affirms the church as an essential mediator for knowing God.

The article also considers whether believers can freely navigate different denominational traditions, arguing that while traditions are diverse and evolving, they are indispensable for interpreting Scripture and engaging with God's revelation. Finally, it examines whether entire congregations can collectively make decisions, citing Baptist and Quaker models of believer-led governance under the guidance of the Holy Spirit, while cautioning against unstructured democracy that risks undermining divine order.

In conclusion, the author contends that despite calls for “de-churching,” the church—whether local, denominational, or universal—remains a vital instrument of God's grace through preaching and sacraments. This reflection seeks to correct malpractices and reaffirms the church's indispensable role in sustaining Christian life, balancing critique with theological renewal.

The Pauline Communities and the Imagination of “the De-Institutionalized Church”

LEUNG Chun Ho Bernard

This paper explores the contemporary phenomenon of “de-institutionalization of the church,” an emerging movement in response to the post-COVID 19 transformation of Christian communal life in Hong Kong. As online technologies have increasingly enabled believers to transcend the spatial and temporal constraints of traditional congregations, many begin to question the necessity of centralized, synchronous, and pastorally controlled church models. Instead, new forms of Christian practice—characterized by dispersion, autonomy, and decentralized participation—are gaining traction. The study distinguishes “de-institutionalization” from mere “dechurching,” arguing that the former is not a deliberate rejection of church institutions but a natural response to their declining adaptability and authority. Drawing parallels with such movements as the “emerging church” and “liquid church” among evangelicals in Western society, the paper highlights shared emphases on relational networks, participatory structures, and decentralized spiritual leadership.

To provide theoretical grounding, the discussion applies Max Weber's concept of the “routinization of charisma” and the contemporary political-scientific framework of “decentralization” to analyze Pauline churches in the first century. Weber's theory elucidates the transformation from charismatic to traditional or legal authority within early Christian communities, particularly showing how Paul's personal charisma gradually gave way to institutional structures. In contrast, “de-institutionalized” groups today seek to reverse this process by reclaiming vitality, flexibility, personal relationship, and authenticity. The study further investigates the degree of decentralization in Paul's congregations, with special attention to the Corinthian Lord's Supper (1 Cor 11:17-34) and its socio-economic organization. By comparing Pauline communities to Graeco-Roman voluntary associations, the paper identifies egalitarian and participatory patterns ("flat hierarchy") that reflect both political and fiscal decentralization. These features may stimulate the imagination toward models of shared leadership and financial sustainability within the “de-institutionalized” groups.

In sum, “de-institutionalization” is not a call for “anarchy” in the established church today but an invitation to reimagine Christian community beyond bureaucratic and hierarchical limits. Insights from the organizational structures of early Pauline communities and Graeco-Roman voluntary associations offer valuable analogies for revitalizing Christian life today.

Social Identity, the Pentateuch, and Dechurching: A Dialogue

WONG Fook Kong

In the past few years, many believers have left their churches. It has gotten to the point where it becomes an existential threat to local churches. This paper attempts to engage Social Identity Theory, the Pentateuch, and Jim Davis and Michael Graham's The Great Dechurching in a dialogue to explore the phenomenon. Reading the Pentateuch through the lens of social identity shows that both the positive (eg, self-identity) and negative aspects (eg, in-group/out-group competition and conflict) of social identity are operational in the texts. The negative aspects become more and more prominent as we progress along the timeline of the narratives. ways to save his people.

Similar dynamics are happening in today's society. In-group/out-group competitions and conflicts are on the rise. Unfortunately, churches are not spared either and these are some important factors driving the dechurching phenomenon. At the same time, there is also an identity problem. A significant number of Christians do not embrace participation in a local church as part of their identity as Christians. Some prefer to wander from church to church, while others prefer to join online rather than in person. This article argues that belonging to a community has been God's design from the beginning. Moreover, Christians are disciples and not merely consumers. Therefore, participating in the life and ministries of a local church is part of the requirements of being a believer. This also pre-empts perpetual spiritual wandering or online participation as a way of Christian life.