From the Hebrew Bible to the New Testament: Reflecting on the True Meaning of Messiah WONG Tin Sheung Many people understand the Messiah mostly from the perspective of the New Testament. As a result, they often regard the Old Testament passages...

Hovering between Virtuality and Reality: A Response to Virtual Litugy from Pentecostal Perspectives LEI Tin Kwan This article focuses on responding to the discussion of “virtual liturgy” in online worship services from Pentecostal perspectives....

The Feasibility of Online Lord's Supper: A Baptist Theological Thread Vincent CP LAU The outbreak of novel coronavirus in 2019 has turned into a pandemic. Governments all over the world took various measures to prevent the spread of the virus...

Exploring the Concept of Virtual Sacrament: An Anglican View LEE Fu Ho William This paper explores the feasibility of “virtual sacraments” according to the Anglican understanding of sacraments, particularly in the context of the Eucharist and...

Traditional vs. Modern: Challenges to the Renewal of Worship Pilgrim WK LO “Traditional worship is no longer appropriate; reform and renewal are a matter of course.” This seems to be a common challenge faced by Christian churches. Liturgical...

Liturgy in Online Gatherings: Revisiting Perspectives from Sacramental Theology and Ecclesiology IP Pui Shum In response to the global pandemic of COVID-19, churches have employed information technology to conduct religious activities online, including...

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Editor's Note Deng Shaoguang Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the whole world has quickly moved to online life. People shop, entertain, work, attend classes, and even attend church gatherings online, resulting in the emergence of "virtual churches" and "virtual worship." Among them, the most controversial is the "virtual Lord's Supper"...

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